Estimates A:G Ratio from Albumin and Globulin
Useful in evaluating patients for nutritional status, liver disease, protein losing renal (kidney) and gastrointestinal diseases
Notes: This test includes Total amount of Protein, its subtypes – Albumin & Globulin. Refer individual tests for further Details

Increased count is often associated with allergic disorders, drug sensitivity, skin diseases and parasitic infections.

Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) is a measure of the number of neutrophils
Low / high counts are encountered in many diseases / bacterial infection
Low counts follow chemotherapy or radiation treatment.

Used in diagnosing Myasthenia gravis (MG), an acquired disorder of neuromuscular transmission
Also monitors MG patients and assesses response to immuno-modulatory treatment

Total - Elevated levels are observed in Paget's disease, hyperparathyroidism with skeletal involvement and in bone metastasis.
Prostatic fraction - Screening of Prostate cancer or disorders of prostate.

Total - Elevated levels are observed in Paget's disease, hyperparathyroidism with skeletal involvement and in bone metastasis.
Prostatic fraction - Screening of Prostate cancer or disorders of prostate

Total - Elevated levels are observed in Paget's disease, hyperparathyroidism with skeletal involvement and in bone metastasis.
Prostatic fraction - Screening of Prostate cancer or disorders of prostate

A comprehensive test to diagnose acute fever due to infection - Malaria, Microfilaria, Dengue, Typhoid, Leptospira and other bacterial infections. This profile consists of following tests. For further details refer the individual testsBlood for Culture and Sensitivity - for Enteric and Non EntericComplete Blood Count with ESRDengue Virus Antibody – IgM ELISALeptospira Antibody - DFM (Dark Field Microscopy), SerumLeptospira Antibody - IgM (ELISA) Malaria Test / MP – QBC Method Urine Complete AnalysisUrine for Culture and Sensitivity SGPTMantouxWidal – Slide method (For Typhoid)Blood for Culture and Sensitivity - for Enteric and Non EntericComplete Blood Count with ESRDengue Virus Antibody – IgM ELISALeptospira Antibody - DFM (Dark Field Microscopy), SerumLeptospira Antibody - IgM (ELISA) Malaria Test / MP – QBC Method Urine Complete AnalysisUrine for Culture and Sensitivity SGPTMantouxWidal – Slide method (For Typhoid)

Elevated levels are observed in Tuberculosis and liver disease.

Elevated levels are observed in Auto immune disorders, Cancers & Hemolytic anemia of unknown origin. Decreased levels are observed in severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome

Helps to diagnose adenovirus infection which accounts for 10% of Upper Respiratory infection and Diarrhea in infants and children

Helps to diagnose adenovirus infection which accounts for 10% of Upper Respiratory infection and Diarrhea in infants and children

Helps to diagnose adenovirus infection which accounts for 10% of Upper Respiratory infection and Diarrhea in infants and children

Epinephrine (Adrenaline) & Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline) are the catecholamines which help to diagnose or rule out tumor in the adrenal glands. It may also be used to diagnose neuroblastoma and related tumors

* Epinephrine (Adrenaline) & Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline) are the catecholamines which help to diagnose an adrenal gland tumor called pheochromocytoma.
* It may also be used to diagnose neuroblastoma and related tumors

Helps to diagnose Adrenal and pituitary gland disorders

Detects the presence of AFB (Acid fast bacilli - Mycobacteria) and helps to diagnose pulmonary tuberculosis.

Detects the presence of AFB (Acid fast bacilli - Mycobacteria) and helps to diagnose renal tuberculosis.

Detects the presence of AFB (Acid fast bacilli - Mycobacteria) and helps in the diagnosis of tuberculosis.

Detects the presence of AFB (Acid fast bacilli - Mycobacteria) and helps to diagnose Uro-genital tuberculosis.

* To diagnose Tuberculosis affecting the various organs
* This test helps differentiation between MTB (Mycobacterium Tuberculosis) & MOTT (Mycobacterium other than Tuberculosis)

* To diagnose pulmonary TB or other mycobacterial lung infection
* This test helps differentiation between MTB (Mycobacterium Tuberculosis) & MOTT (Mycobacterium other than Tuberculosis)

Detects the presence of AFB (Acid fast bacilli - Mycobacteria) and helps to diagnose tuberculosis.

Detects the presence of AFB (Acid fast bacilli - Mycobacteria) and helps to diagnose tuberculosis.

Helpful in the diagnosis of liver and biliary disease

Albumin test helps to diagnose liver diseases, Nephritis (Indicating Kidney Disease) and Malnutrition.

Albumin test helps to determine the quantity of Protein present in the fluid

Albumin test helps to determine the quantity of Protein present in the fluid

* To detect Protein (Albumin) & Glucose in urine
* Used as a screening test during pregnancy to rule out gestational diabetes

A screening ( Qualitative ) test to look for the presence of protein in the urine
Note: Can be encountered in cases of Infection, following strenuous exercise, pregnancy, long standing Diabetes

To test alcohol level in the blood at the time of drawing the sample

To detect alcohol consumption

* Useful in diagnosis & monitoring of muscle or liver damage.
* Increased in Progressive Muscular Dystrophy, hepatitis, Myocardial infarction

* Detect tumor in the adrenal glands.
* Detect the cause of high blood pressure or low blood potassium levels.

* Detect tumor in the adrenal glands.
* Detect the cause of high blood pressure or low blood potassium levels.

* Detect tumor in the adrenal glands.
* Detect the cause of high blood pressure or low blood potassium levels.

This test is most useful in testing for primary aldosteronism, also known as Conn syndrome, which causes high blood pressure. An aldosterone/renin ratio (ARR) is a screening test to detect primary aldosteronism in high-risk hypertensive individuals. To determine the ratio, blood levels of aldosterone and renin are measured and a calculation is done by dividing the aldosterone result by the renin result. The ARR is considered the most reliable screening for primary aldosteronism

Screening for cancer of the liver, testicles & ovaries

Screening for a suspected birth defect called an open neural tube defect in the foetus

To diagnose liver / bone disease

* An allergy is the immune system's reaction when exposed to what is otherwise a harmless substance, called as “allergens”.
* This test is an enzyme immunoassay for semiquantitative determination of allergen specific IgE in human serum
* Note: Allergens tested include Cereal / Lentil mix / Legume mix Chocolate / Onion / Garlic mix Cow's milk / Peanut Fish / Crustacean mix /Wheat flour Hen’s egg

* An allergy is the immune system's reaction when exposed to what is otherwise a harmless substance, called as “allergens”.
* This test is an enzyme immunoassay for semiquantitative determination of allergen specific IgE in human serum.
Note: Allergens tested include: Mould Mix ( Cladosporium herbarum, Rhizopus nigricans,Curvularia lunata, Alternaria tenuis), Grass mix ( Rye, Bermuda, Sweet vernal, Timothy, Sorghum vulgare), Weed mix (Xanthium Strumarium, Amaranth,Mugwort,Lamb's quarter, Parthenium hysterophorus), Epithelia mix (Cat epithelia, dog epithelia), Animal mix ( Pigeon droppings, Rat droppings), Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (House dust mite), Aspergillus fumigatus, Eucalyptus globulus, Corn.

Test helps in identifying a rare form of lung disease (emphysema) in adults and a rare form of liver disease (cirrhosis) in children and adults.

Helps in the diagnosis of collagen disorders, tuberculosis, infections, extensive malignancy and diabetes

Helpful in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction

Used to detect & monitor Aluminum toxicity in patients undergoing dialysis and patients with metallic prosthetic implants.

Ammonia is elevated in advanced liver disease and Renal failure, Urea Cycle Enzyme deficiencies in Infants and other medical conditions

Used in the diagnosis of Amoebic infection of the Liver

A common cause of drug abuse. This assay confirms drug exposure of Amphetamines and its metabolites.

Helpful in diagnosis of Pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas)

* Helpful in diagnosing pancreatic diseases
* To monitor pancreas output, especially in transplant patients

Amylase, a pancreatic enzyme is elevated in cases of inflammation / injury to the Pancreas / peptic ulcer.

* Helpful in diagnosing pancreatic diseases
* To monitor pancreas output, especially in transplant patients

Used to detect subtypes of Autoantibodies associated with different Auto immune disorders.

Used to detect subtypes of Autoantibodies associated with different Auto immune disorders.

This profile is for Screening Anaemia and Vitamin B12 deficiency.This profile consists of following tests. For further details refer the individual tests Complete Haemogram Reticulocyte count Folic AcidFerritin Vitamin B12 Iron TIBC Transferrin Saturation Stool for Occult Blood.

To detect Anaerobic bacterial infection.

* Useful in the evaluation of Autoimmune / Systemic Vasculitis (inflammation of a vessel wall)
Note:
* MPO (p) – useful to detect several types of inflammation of blood vessels with tissue damage(systemic necrotizing vasculitis)
* PR3 (c) - useful to detect inflammation of blood vessels with tissue damage in respiratory tract and kidneys (Wegener’s granulomatosis)

Useful in the evaluation of Autoimmune / Systemic Vasculitis (inflammation of a vessel wall)
Note:
* MPO (p) – useful to detect several types of inflammation of blood vessels with tissue damage(systemic necrotizing vasculitis)
* PR3 (c) - useful to detect inflammation of blood vessels with tissue damage in respiratory tract and kidneys (Wegener’s granulomatosis)

Useful in the diagnosis of excess secretion of androgen especially in poly cystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), adrenal insufficiency.

* This test helps to diagnose and monitor sarcoidosis. (Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease that affects multiple organs leading to small tumors)
* Helps to monitor high / low blood pressure

"This profile is for Antenatal (pregnancy) screening. This profile consists of following tests. For further details, refer the individual tests: Complete Blood Count, Blood Group and RH type, Fasting – Glucose, Glucose Challenge Test, Urine Routine, VDRL / RPR, HBsAg, HIV 1&2, TSH."

* Helps in the diagnosis of Antiphospholipid syndrome
* The presence of this antibody is associated with recurrent abortions and formation of clots in arteries and veins
* Antiphospholipid syndrome is a disorder that manifests clinically as recurrent venous or arterial thrombosis and/or fetal loss

* Helps in the diagnosis of Antiphospholipid syndrome
* The presence of this antibody is associated with recurrent abortions and formation of clots in arteries and veins
* Antiphospholipid syndrome is a disorder that manifests clinically as recurrent venous or arterial thrombosis and/or fetal loss

* Women with bad obstetric history
* Increased risk of thrombosis
* Recurrent spontaneous abortions
* Phospholipid antibody syndrome (auto immune disorder)

* Women with bad obstetric history
* Increased risk of thrombosis
* Recurrent spontaneous abortions
* Phospholipid antibody syndrome (auto immune disorder)

* Women with bad obstetric history
* Increased risk of thrombosis
* Recurrent spontaneous abortions
* Phospholipid antibody syndrome (auto immune disorder)

* Women with bad obstetric history
* Increased risk of thrombosis
* Recurrent spontaneous abortions
* Phospholipid antibody syndrome (auto immune disorder)

* For diagnosis of Chlamydial infections.
* C.pneumoniae causes pneumonia (common cause of infantile and community acquired) in human

* For diagnosis of Chlamydial infections. * C.pneumoniae causes pneumonia (common cause of infantile and community acquired) in human

* For diagnosis of Chlamydial infections.
* C.pneumoniae causes pneumonia (common cause of infantile and community acquired) in human

* For diagnosis of Chlamydial infections.
* C.trachomatis causes genital tract infections.

* Helps in diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
* Helps to differentiate rheumatoid arthritis from connective tissue diseases that may present with arthritis

* Helps maintain water balance in the body by acting on the Kidney
* Low levels are seen in Pituitary damage and in Diabetes Insipidus

Helps to diagnose and monitor Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE - an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue)

Helps to diagnose and monitor Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE - an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue)

Useful for evaluating patients suspected with celiac disease including patients with symptoms compatible with celiac disease, patients with atypical symptoms and individuals at increased risk of celiac disease . Also evaluates response to treatement with gluten free diet.
Helpful for diagnosis of patients suspected with Celiac disease.
Also helps to evaluate response to treatment with gluten free diet.

Useful for evaluating patients suspected with celiac disease including patients with symptoms compatible with celiac disease, patients with atypical symptoms and individuals at increased risk of celiac disease . Also evaluates response to treatement with gluten free diet. Helpful for diagnosis of patients suspected with Celiac disease. Also helps to evaluate response to treatment with gluten free diet.

"Useful for evaluating patients suspected with celiac disease including patients with symptoms compatible with celiac disease, patients with atypical symptoms and individuals at increased risk of celiac disease . Also evaluates response to treatement with gluten free diet. Helpful for diagnosis of patients suspected with Celiac disease. Also helps to evaluate response to treatment with gluten free diet. "

"Helps to diagnose Type 1 Diabetes Evaluates allergic response to insulin, or if insulin no longer seems to control diabetes. "

Test is useful for evaluating patients with liver disease of unknown cause and suspected AIH (Autoimmune Hepatitis).

Used to diagnose autoimmune disorders including hypothyroidism

"Helpful in the diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis, a liver disease Qualitative: Indicates positive or negative Quantitative: Quantifies (in dilution / titre) for positive results "

"Helpful in the diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis, a liver disease Qualitative: Indicates positive or negative Quantitative: Quantifies (in dilution / titre) for positive results "

"Helpful in the diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis, a liver disease Qualitative: Indicates positive or negative Quantitative: Quantifies (in dilution / titre) for positive results "

Used for evaluating Infertility, fertility treatment and screening Ovarian tumors

"Useful in the evaluation of Autoimmune / Systemic Vasculitis (inflammation of a vessel wall)
Note:
* MPO (p) – useful to detect several types of inflammation of blood vessels with tissue damage(systemic necrotizing vasculitis)
* PR3 (c) - useful to detect inflammation of blood vessels with tissue damage in respiratory tract and kidneys (Wegener’s granulomatosis) "

* ANA test detects autoantibodies (produced against body’s defense system itself) present in blood.
* Used in the diagnosis of autoimmune disorders and in monitoring the levels to predict the progression of disease

* ANA test detects autoantibodies (produced against body’s defense system itself) present in blood.
* Used in the diagnosis of autoimmune disorders and in monitoring the levels to predict the progression of disease

Useful for evaluating patients with Vitamin B12 deficiency.

* Helps to investigate unexplained arterial / venous thrombosis (blood clot formation) and to help determine the cause of recurrent miscarriage & spontaneous abortions
* Used in cases of unexplained low platelet (thrombocytopenia), Hemolytic anemia & Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (vegetations on cardiac valves) "

* Helps to investigate unexplained arterial / venous thrombosis (blood clot formation) and to help determine the cause of recurrent miscarriage & spontaneous abortions
* Used in cases of unexplained low platelet (thrombocytopenia), Hemolytic anemia & Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (vegetations on cardiac valves) "

* Helps to investigate unexplained arterial / venous thrombosis (blood clot formation) and to help determine the cause of recurrent miscarriage & spontaneous abortions
* Used in cases of unexplained low platelet (thrombocytopenia), Hemolytic anemia & Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (vegetations on cardiac valves) "

For evaluating patents with Autoimmune cause of Thrombocytopenia ( decreased platelet count)

Useful in the diagnosis of patients with Autoimmune diseases (in which the body’s defense system attacks itself) like Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Mixed connective tissue diseases (MCTD).

Found in patients of Myasthenia gravis associated with tumor in Thymus gland, some cases of viral hepatitis, acute viral infection and polymyositis.

This test is specific for SLE (Systemic lupus erythematosus - is an autoimmune disease) and is often associated with Renal disease

* Useful in diagnosis of Autoimmune hepatitis
* It may also be positive in Primary liver cirrhosis, chronic viral hepatitis and alcoholic hepatitis. "

* Specific diagnostic marker for autoimmune hepatitis (liver disease)

Helps to evaluate unexplained infertility.

Useful for confirming exposure to Streptococcal infection in the absence of other laboratory evidence.

Useful for confirming exposure to Streptococcal infection in the absence of other laboratory evidence.

Useful to diagnose antithrombin deficiency which may cause serious venous thrombosis (clot formation) and heparin (anti-clotting medicine) resistance.

Used to diagnose autoimmune disorders including hypothyroidism

Used to detect Autoimmune disease (in which the body’s defense system attacks itself) of Thyroid.

Used to diagnose autoimmune disorders including hypothyroidism

Used to diagnose Inflammatory bowel disease such as Crohn’s disease.

* Helicobacter Pylori is a gram negative bacillus associated with gastritis, gastric / Duodenal ulcers and Stomach cancer
* Exposure to this organism is determined by detection of IgA and IgG antibodies in the serum

* Helicobacter Pylori is a gram negative bacillus associated with gastritis, gastric / Duodenal ulcers and Stomach cancer
* Exposure to this organism is determined by detection of IgA and IgG antibodies in the serum

* Helicobacter Pylori is a gram negative bacillus associated with gastritis, gastric / Duodenal ulcers and Stomach cancer
* Exposure to this organism is determined by detection of IgA and IgG antibodies in the serum "

Antibody to Hepatitis B surface antigen in high titres are seen following an Infection with Hepatitis B or after HBV vaccination Useful for identifying previous exposure to HBV and determining adequate immunity from HBV vaccination.

Used to diagnose Inflammatory bowel disease such as Crohn’s disease.

Used to diagnose Inflammatory bowel disease such as Crohn’s disease.

* Assess the risk of Coronary Artery disease.
* Low levels of Apo A1 and high level of Apo B indicate greater risk

* Assess the risk of Coronary Artery disease.
* Low levels of Apo A1 and high level of Apo B indicate greater risk

* Assess the risk of Coronary Artery disease. * Low levels of Apo A1 and high level of Apo B indicate greater risk

Helps in the diagnosis of Arsenic poisoning, which is used in some pesticides & industrial applications.

Helps in the diagnosis of Arsenic poisoning, which is used in some pesticides & industrial applications.
Since blood levels of Arsenic are present for a short time after exposure, urine Arsenic is the preferred method of screening.

To evaluate lung function and acid-base imbalance in blood which may indicate a respiratory, metabolic or kidney disorder.
To evaluate the effectiveness of oxygen therapy.

This profile is for diagnosing cause of inflammation of the joints (Arthritis) a possible autoimmune disorder This profile consists of following tests. For further details refer the individual tests Complete Blood Count with ESR Anti Streptolysin O / ASO titre - Quantitative Rheumatoid Arthritis / RA Factor - Quantitative. C Reactive Protein (CRP) - QuantitativeAnti Nuclear Antibodies – ANA (ELISA) Uric Acid Anti CCP

Aryl sulfatase-A deficiency affecting mainly white matter of the brain.

"This test comprises of Cell count , Cell type, Glucose, Protein , Gram’s stain and AFB Stain Helps to diagnose the cause of inflammation and/or fluid accumulation pertaining to the site of collection, to rule out Meningitis, Peritonitis, Pleuritis & Synovitis. "

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection.

* Diagnosing / monitoring liver and biliary disease.
* May also be elevated in cases of Myocardial infarction, Severe burns, Acute renal disease and trauma

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection.

Helps to evaluate the Cardiovascular disease (CVD) - includes Coronary stroke, Myocardial infarction, Angina and Congestive heart failure ·         Helps to assess the risk of Coronary Artery disease (CAD) This profile consists of following tests. For further details refer the individual tests 1.       APOLIPOPROTEIN – A1 2. APOLIPOPROTEIN - B 3.High Sensitive C - Reactive Protein (hsCRP) – Quantitative

Test is useful for evaluating patients with liver disease of unknown cause and suspected AIH (Autoimmune Hepatitis).

Useful in identifying : Women with bad obstetric history ·Increased risk of thrombosis ·Recurrent spontaneous abortions / miscarriages ·Phospholipid antibody syndrome (an auto immune disorder) This profile consists of following tests. For further details refer the individual tests Glucose Tolerance Test - 3 samples (1F+2PP) 75 gms HbA1c Lipid Profile - Cholesterol Total, Triglycerides, HDL, LDL, VLDL cholesterols & ratios Anti Nuclear Antibodies – ANA (ELISA) Anti-Phospholipid Antibody – IgG & IgM Cardiolipin Antibody – IgG & IgM Lupus Anticoagulant Free Thyroid Panel - FT3, FT4 & TSH Torch IgM Panel- IgM antibodies to Toxoplasma, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus (CMV) & Herpes Simplex virus (HSV)

Confirms use of Barbiturates, which are used as sedatives, hypnotics and anticonvulsants taken orally as capsules or tablets.

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding site of collection

Helps in the diagnosis and management of multiple myeloma (Bone Cancer) and related disorders

Confirms use of the drug Benzodiazepine.

To evaluate prognosis of Multiple Myeloma (bone cancer), certain blood cancer & Renal tubular disorders

* To evaluate prognosis of Multiple Myeloma (bone cancer) & certain blood cancer.
* Test is useful in the evaluation of Kidney tubular damage and for monitoring exposure to Cadmium and Mercury poisoning. "

* Used for diagnosis and progress of pregnancy.
* Used in the evaluation of tumors of ovary, testis. "

Used in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders associated with acid-base imbalance like diarrhea, renal tubular acidosis, renal failure etc.

* Evaluates total and direct Bilirubin
* Helps in diagnosis of jaundice and monitor liver disease "

Used to diagnose various diseases / tumors affecting different parts of the body

Used to diagnose various diseases / tumors affecting different parts of the body

Used to diagnose various diseases / tumors affecting different parts of the body

Used to diagnose various diseases / tumors affecting Skin and Kidney

Used to diagnose various diseases / tumors affecting different parts of the body

Used to diagnose various diseases / tumors affecting different parts of the body

Used to diagnose various diseases / tumors affecting different parts of the body

Used to diagnose various diseases / tumors affecting different parts of the body

Used to diagnose various diseases / tumors affecting different parts of the body

Test is helpful to diagnose behavioral disorders, lack of coordination, learning disabilities and seizures caused by Biotinidase deficiency, a genetic disorder, which results in Biotin (Vitamin B7) deficiency.

A screening test for presurgical cases and for bleeding disorders

It is screening test for presurgical cases and for bleeding disorders.

To detect any bacterial infection.

To detect any bacterial infection.

Blood typing is used to determine an individual's blood group (ABO blood group & Rh type)

Used as an indicator of Kidney Function.

This test comprises of Cell count , Cell type, Glucose, Protein , Gram’s stain and AFB Stain Helps to diagnose the cause of inflammation and/or fluid accumulation pertaining to the site of collection, to rule out Meningitis, Peritonitis, Pleuritis & Synovitis.

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection.

Useful in the diagnosis and management of many disorders of the blood and bone marrow

Useful in the diagnosis and management of many disorders of the blood and bone marrow

Used specifically to monitor bone formation.

Is used to diagnose bone pathology.

Is used to diagnose bone pathology.

Is used to diagnose bone pathology.

Aids to determine the appropriate therapy in cancer of the breast.

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding sample type

For the diagnosis of bacterial infection caused by Brucella (Brucellosis) , a zoonotic disease (transmitted from animals)

For the diagnosis of bacterial infection caused by Brucella (Brucellosis) , a zoonotic disease (transmitted from animals)

For the diagnosis of bacterial infection caused by Brucella (Brucellosis) , a zoonotic disease (transmitted from animals)

For the diagnosis of bacterial infection caused by Brucella (Brucellosis) , a zoonotic disease (transmitted from animals)

This test helps to diagnose heart failure. (Congestive Heart failure).

The buccal smear (Sex Chromatin) test can confirm whether the patient is a male or female. The cells are evaluated for the presence of Barr bodies (observed in a normal female).

* Helps tell the difference between type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes.
* Find the cause of persistent low blood sugar (hypoglycemia).
* Check to see whether a tumor of the pancreas (Insulinoma) was completely removed.

* Helps tell the difference between type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes.
* Find the cause of persistent low blood sugar (hypoglycemia).
* Check to see whether a tumor of the pancreas (Insulinoma) was completely removed.

* A screening test for inflammation
* This test helps to monitor Neonatal infection, some forms of arthritis, Pelvic inflammatory disease, Post-Operative Infection.

* A screening test for inflammation
* This test helps to monitor Neonatal infection, some forms of arthritis, Pelvic inflammatory disease, Post-Operative Infection.

Test useful in diagnosing hereditary angioedema (rapid swelling of the deep layers of skin) and for monitoring response to therapy

Screening Test for Ovarian tumors and evaluating patients' response to cancer therapy, especially for ovarian carcinoma

* Helps to diagnose and manage breast cancer when used in combination with other clinical information and diagnostic procedures
* Helps in early detection of disease recurrence in previously treated stage II and III breast cancer.

* Screening test for Pancreatic cancers
* Monitoring response to therapy especially in Pancreatic carcinoma

Test is useful as a marker for gastrointestinal cancer.

Test is useful in detecting exposure to Cadmium, a toxic heavy metal leading to renal damage.

Test is useful in detecting exposure to Cadmium, a toxic heavy metal leading to renal damage.

* Helps in the diagnosis and follow-up of medullary thyroid cancer
* Aids in the diagnosis of multiple endocrine neoplasia (tumor) type II and familial medullary thyroid cancer

* Diagnosis of Calcium deficiency
* Monitoring of a wide range of disorders of bone, kidney, parathyroid gland, or gastrointestinal tract   "

* This test detects the amount of calcium in the urine.
* High calcium levels in the urine can cause Kidney stones.
* Helps to monitor someone who has a problem with the parathyroid gland, which helps control calcium levels in the blood and urine.

* This test detects the amount of calcium in the urine.
* High calcium levels in the urine can cause Kidney stones.
* Helps to monitor someone who has a problem with the parathyroid gland, which helps control calcium levels in the blood and urine.

Used to express the rate of calcium output and helps in the identification of abnormal status of the Kidney.

Used to express the rate of calcium output and helps in the identification of abnormal status of the Kidney.

"Used to measure and monitor the amount of carbamazepine* in the blood to determine whether the level of drug is within the therapeutic range. *carbamazepine is used for the treatment of neurological disorders "

"Important tests for diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction (Heart attack) Note : CK - Creatinine Kinase, CKMB - Creatinine Kinase – MB, TROPONIN I, LDH – Lactate Dehydrogenase "

"Important tests for diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction (Heart attack) Note : CK - Creatinine Kinase, CKMB - Creatinine Kinase – MB, TROPONIN I, LDH – Lactate Dehydrogenase "

This profile helps to evaluate any Cardiovascular damage indicated by Coronary stroke, Myocardial infarction, Angina and Congestive heart failure This profile consists of following tests. For further details refer the individual tests -Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST/SGOT) -Creatinine Phosphokinase (CPK) -Creatinine Phosphokinase – MB (CK – MB) -Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) -Troponin – T -hs CRP

Used to screen for any Cardiac (Heart) Dysfunction. This profile consists of following tests. For further details refer the individual tests·         Paste the emergency sticker in the sample tube -Complete Blood Count with ESR -Glucose – Random-Lipid profile – Cholesterol Total, Triglycerides, HDL, LDL, VLDL cholesterols & ratios-SGOT-LDH - – Lactate Dehydrogenase-CK - Creatinine Kinase -CK-MB - Creatinine Kinase – MB

"Epinephrine (Adrenaline) & Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline) are the catecholamines which help to diagnose an adrenal gland tumor called pheochromocytoma. ·It may also be used to diagnose neuroblastoma and related tumors "

"Epinephrine (Adrenaline) & Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline) are the catecholamines which help to diagnose or rule out tumor in the adrenal glands ·It may also be used to diagnose neuroblastoma and related tumors "

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding sample type

In assessing the degree of immune deficiency in HIV-positive patients Also used to evaluate the effect of immunosuppressive medications in organ transplant patients.

"In assessing the degree of immune deficiency in HIV-positive patients ·Also used to evaluate the effect of immunosuppressive medications in organ transplant patients. "

Used in monitoring cancers of the gastrointestinal tract.

" This test provides information on Cell count & Cell type present in the body fluid · Helps to detect the cause of inflammation and / or fluid accumulation pertaining to the site of collection, to rule out infections such as Meningitis, Peritonitis, Pleuritis & Synovitis "

"This test provides information on Cell count & Cell type present in the body fluid ·Helps to detect the cause of inflammation and / or fluid accumulation pertaining to the site of collection, to rule out infections such as Meningitis, Peritonitis, Pleuritis & Synovitis "

" This test provides information on Cell count & Cell type present in the body fluid · Helps to detect the cause of inflammation and / or fluid accumulation pertaining to the site of collection, to rule out infections such as Meningitis, Peritonitis, Pleuritis & Synovitis "

" This test provides information on Cell count & Cell type present in the body fluid · Helps to detect the cause of inflammation and / or fluid accumulation pertaining to the site of collection, to rule out infections such as Meningitis, Peritonitis, Pleuritis & Synovitis "

" This test provides information on Cell count & Cell type present in the body fluid · Helps to detect the cause of inflammation and / or fluid accumulation pertaining to the site of collection, to rule out infections such as Meningitis, Peritonitis, Pleuritis & Synovitis "

" This test provides information on Cell count & Cell type present in the body fluid · Helps to detect the cause of inflammation and / or fluid accumulation pertaining to the site of collection, to rule out infections such as Meningitis, Peritonitis, Pleuritis & Synovitis "

Evaluating patients with systemic sclerosis (hardening of tissues)

"This test comprises of Cell count , Cell type, Glucose, Protein , Gram’s stain and AFB Stain Helps to diagnose the cause of inflammation and/or fluid accumulation pertaining to the site of collection, to rule out Meningitis, Peritonitis, Pleuritis & Synovitis. "

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection.

This test helps to diagnose Wilson’s disease (a condition where too much copper builds up in the body) and sometimes helps to identify other conditions associated with copper deficiency.

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding site of collection

Screening test for Chikungunya (Viral fever ) transmitted by mosquito

Useful for the early detection and confirmation of Chikungunya virus infection

Useful in assessing Acid Base balance in a wide variety of medical conditions

Used in evaluating electrolyte imbalance and to differentiate renal and non-renal causes.

"Gives the levels of Sodium, Potassium & Chloride (all collectively called as Electrolytes) ·Useful in assessing acid base balance (maintenance of the normal pH - the normal equilibrium between acids and alkalis in the body - within the body systems) to differentiate renal (kidney) and non-renal causes. "

" Gives the levels of Sodium, Potassium & Chloride (all collectively called as Electrolytes) · Useful in assessing acid base balance (maintenance of the normal pH - the normal equilibrium between acids and alkalis in the body - within the body systems) to differentiate renal (kidney) and non-renal causes. "

" Gives the levels of Sodium, Potassium & Chloride (all collectively called as Electrolytes) · Useful in assessing acid base balance (maintenance of the normal pH - the normal equilibrium between acids and alkalis in the body - within the body systems) to differentiate renal (kidney) and non-renal causes. "

To measure the cholesterol level in body fluid (chylous and non chylous effusions)

" Useful to measure the total amount of fatty substances (cholesterol) in the blood · Assess the risk of Cardiovascular disease "

" Useful for monitoring exposure to Organophosphorus insecticides & patient with liver disease undergoing liver transplantation · Low levels seen in patients with hepatic (Liver) dysfunction "

" Used for screening occupational exposure to Chromium and its toxicity. · Monitors metallic artificial implants (prosthesis). Increased in patients with metallic joint prosthesis. "

Helps in the diagnosis chromosome abnormalities.

" Assists in the diagnosis and classification of certain malignant hematological disorders. · Monitoring effects of therapy and remission. "

This profile is done to diagnose Chronic fever due to infection such as Malaria, Leptospirosis, Typhoid, Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) or Chikungunya infection. This profile consists of following tests. For further details refer the individual tests -Complete Blood Count with ESR -Smear for Malarial Parasite -Leptospira Antibody – IgM (ELISA) -Widal Test (Slide Method) (For Typhoid) -Chikungunya – IgM -Urine Culture and Sensitivity

"Used to differentiate Crohn's disease from Ulcerative colitis (both are inflammatory bowel diseases) Note: CIBD include PR3 ANCA (pANCA); Anti Saccharomyces cerevisiae Antibody (ASCA)- IgA & IgG. For details refer individual test. "

This test helps in the diagnosis of injury or obstruction of lymph chylous system e.g. filariasis

The test is used to evaluate kidney stone disease.

Useful in evaluating bleeding disorders such as thrombocytopenia and Glanzmann's thrombasthenia.

A screening test for presurgical cases and for bleeding disorders

This profile is done prior to surgery to evaluate any bleeding disorders This profile consists of following tests. For further details refer the individual tests-Platelet count -Bleeding Time (BT)-Clotting Time (CT)-Prothrombin Time (PT)-Partial Thromboplastin time (aPTT)

This profile is done prior to surgery to evaluate any bleeding disorders This profile consists of following tests. For further details refer the individual tests-Complete Haemogram -Bleeding Time (BT)-Clotting Time (CT)-Prothrombin Time (PT)-Partial Thromboplastin time (aPTT)

Confirms use of Cocaine.

"Helps to determine the cause of hemolytic anemia ·Used to diagnose primary atypical pneumonia"

"Test is Useful for The diagnosis of C3 deficiency Assessing disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE - an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue) Investigating an undetectable total complement (CH50) level "

Useful in the diagnosis of C4 deficiency and for investigation of a patient with an undetectable Total complement (CH50) level.

Provides information about Blood cells (RBCs, WBCs and platelets). ·Useful in the diagnosis of anemia, infections, leukemias, clotting disorders and many other medical conditions. ·Note: This test includes Hb, PCV, RBC, Red cell indices, TC,DC, Platelet.

"Provides information about Blood cells (RBCs, WBCs and platelets). ·Useful in the diagnosis of anemia, infections, leukemias, clotting disorders and many other medical conditions. ·ESR is useful in detecting inflammation in the body. Note: This test includes Hb, PCV, RBC, Red cell indices, TC,DC, Platelet & ESR "

"This test includes the following test : Haemoglobin (Hb): used for the detection of anaemia. Total WBC Count (TC): Determines the total white blood counts in the body. WBC Differential Count (DC): helps to type the White blood cells found. Includes counts of Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Eosinophils, Monocytes and Basophils. Helps to monitor infections / inflammatory conditions / blood cancer Red Blood cells (RBC) : determines the total Red blood cell count. Packed cell volume (PCV): also known as hematocrit (HCT) determines the concentrate of packed cells v/s plasma cells. Platelet Count: determines the number of platelets in the body. Red cell Indices: Mean corpuscular volume (MCV): Reflects the size of the red cell and used to detect anemia Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH) & Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin concentration (MCHC): Reflects the haemoglobin content and used to detect anemia Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR): determines the rate at which the red cells sediment in one hour. Peripheral Blood Smear: gives complete blood picture. Helps in the diagnosis of anaemia, leukemia, thrombocytopenia and presence of haemoparasites. "

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding site of collection

" This test helps to diagnose Wilson’s disease, Menkes disease, Primary Biliary Cirrhosis and Indian childhood cirrhosis. · Copper concentrations decrease in nephrosis (Kidney disease), malabsorption and malnutrition "

This test helps to diagnose Wilson’s disease, Menkes disease, Primary Biliary Cirrhosis and Indian childhood cirrhosis.

" Copper metabolism is disturbed in Wilson's disease, Menkes disease, Primary Biliary Cirrhosis and Indian childhood cirrhosis. Copper concentrations decrease in nephrosis, malabsorption and malnutrition. Copper levels are also useful to monitor patient’s especially preterm newborns on nutritional supplementation and results are often interpreted together with ceruloplasmin."

To rule out any bacterial or fungal infection of the cornea of the eye.

"The test is done to determine increased or decreased cortisol production. Diseases such as Cushing's disease and Addison's disease, can lead to either too much or too little production of cortisol and indicate adrenal insufficiency "

Helps in the diagnosis of conditions related to the adrenal and pituitary glands such as Addison's disease (chronic adrenal insufficiency), Cushing's syndrome (a hormonal disorder caused by high levels of cortisol)

Helps in the diagnosis of conditions related to the adrenal and pituitary glands such as Addison's disease (chronic adrenal insufficiency), Cushing's syndrome (a hormonal disorder caused by high levels of cortisol)

Helps in the diagnosis of conditions related to the adrenal and pituitary glands such as Addison's disease, Cushing's syndrome, Adrenocortical Insufficiency or Hypersecretion.

Help to diagnose Cushing syndrome or adrenal insufficiency

Coxsackie viruses are RNA viruses that may cause hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD)

Coxsackie viruses are RNA viruses that may cause hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD)

Coxsackie viruses are RNA viruses that may cause hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD)

" Creatinine is a reliable indicator of kidney function. Increased values indicate renal insufficiency (failure) , strenuous exercise and high protein diet"

This test helps to evaluate the kidney function.

To measure the concentration of creatinine in body fluid

"Measures creatinine (a product of protein breakdown) in urine and blood. Used to determine Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR), which evaluates the kidney function"

"Measures creatinine (a product of protein breakdown) in urine and blood. Used to determine Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR), which evaluates the kidney function"

It is a follow up test for elevated Creatinine Kinase (CK) to determine specifically the heart muscle damage, To detect and monitor heart attacks (Myocardial Infarction)

" Determines muscle damage due to any condition Elevated in heart attacks, Carbon monoxide poisoning, pulmonary embolism, Hypothyroidism, Crush injuries and Muscular dystrophy"

This test helps to evaluate the kidney function.

"Helps to diagnose diseases that cause damage and inflammation of the blood vessels throughout the body (vasculitis), Kidney diseases and autoimmune diseases. Evaluates patients with some cancers symptomatic on exposure to cold conditions"

"Detects Cryptococcosis*, a disease that affects mainly lungs and Central Nervous System especially in immuno deficient individuals. *An invasive fungal infection caused by Cryptococcus neoformans found commonly in pigeon droppings "

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding sample type

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding sample type

"Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressant drug used to reduce the body's natural defenses. This test measures the amount of cyclosporine in the blood. Used for monitoring whole blood Cyclosporine concentration during therapy and helps to adjust dose to optimize immunosuppression while minimizing toxicity and for evaluating patient compliance."

An early indicator of drop in Kidney function (Glomerular Filtration Rate) and is more sensitive than creatinine as an index of renal function.

"Cysticercosis is caused by an infection with Larval form (cysticercus) of the pork tape worm, Taenia solium. Used to demonstrate the antibodies to Cysticercal larvae"

"Used to check for infection / inflammation, pre-cancerous condition and cancers Note: Abnormal results from this test are to be followed up with further investigations"

"Positive IgM levels indicate current infection with CMV* virus. Positive IgG levels indicate past infection with CMV* virus. *CMV – significant cause for morbidity and mortality specially in organ transplant recipients and immuno compromised individuals Congenital disease of new born "

"Positive IgM levels indicate current infection with CMV* virus. Positive IgG levels indicate past infection with CMV* virus. *CMV – significant cause for morbidity and mortality specially in organ transplant recipients and immuno compromised individuals Congenital disease of new born "

"Positive IgM levels indicate current infection with CMV* virus. Positive IgG levels indicate past infection with CMV* virus. *CMV – significant cause for morbidity and mortality specially in organ transplant recipients and immuno compromised individuals Congenital disease of new born "

"This test provides a “viral load” value useful for monitoring antiviral therapy Indirect evaluation of viral resistance Prognostic (predictive) marker in transplant recipients and HIV patients"

Used to detect the presence of Cytomegalovirus especially in organ transplant patients and neonates

"Useful in the diagnosis of intravascular coagulation (blood clots) and fibrinolysis in conditions such as acute deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) Elevated levels are also seen in liver diseases and malignancy"

"Screening for acute Dengue Viral infection Detects Dengue fever in 1 - 9 days."

"Screening for acute Dengue Viral infection Detects Dengue fever in 1 - 9 days."

"NS1 Ag detects Dengue fever in 1 - 9 days Detects IgG & IgM antibodies to Dengue Viral Fever Positive IgM levels indicate current infection with Dengue virus Positive IgG levels indicate past infection with Dengue virus"

Screening for Dengue Viral infection NS1 Ag detects Dengue fever in 1 - 9 days

"Detects IgG & IgM antibodies to Dengue Viral Fever Positive IgM levels indicate current infection with Dengue virus Positive IgG levels indicate past infection with Dengue virus"

" Detects IgG & IgM antibodies to Dengue Viral Fever Positive IgM levels indicate current infection with Dengue virus Positive IgG levels indicate past infection with Dengue virus"

"Screening for Dengue Viral infection NS1 Ag detects Dengue fever in 1 - 9 days"

"Detects IgG & IgM antibodies to Dengue Viral Fever Positive IgM levels indicate current infection with Dengue virus Positive IgG levels indicate past infection with Dengue virus"

"Screening for Dengue Viral infection NS1 Ag detects Dengue fever in 1 - 9 days"

"Detects IgG & IgM antibodies to Dengue Viral Fever
Positive IgM levels indicate current infection with Dengue virus
Positive IgG levels indicate past infection with Dengue virus"

"Screening for Dengue Viral infection
NS1 Ag detects Dengue fever in 1 - 9 days"

"Useful for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Hyperandrogenism specially when used in conjunction with measurement of other sex steroids.
Helps in diagnosis of tumor in adrenal gland (congenital adrenal hyperplasia)
Done in children who are maturing too early (precocious puberty)"

"valuate the function of the adrenal glands. The adrenal gland is one of the major sources of androgens (sex hormones).
Helps in diagnosis of tumors / cancers in adrenal gland (congenital adrenal hyperplasia)
Done in women who have male body characteristics (virilism) or excessive hair growth (hirsutism)
Done in children who are maturing too early (precocious puberty)"

A comprehensive test for preventive diagnosis & management of diabetes and Pre-daibetes conditions. This profile consists of following tests. For further details refer the individual tests -Glucose – Fasting& PP - blood & urine -UreaCreatinine HbA1C Cholesterol Triglycerides (TGL)Urine Microalbumin -Creatinine -HbA1C -Cholesterol -Triglycerides (TGL) -Urine Microalbumin

"Test is useful for monitoring digoxin therapy.
Digoxin is widely prescribed for the treatment of Congestive heart failure and disturbances of cardiac rhythm"

"Helps to monitor the levels of DHT
Increased levels can lead to problems such as hair loss and prostrate dysfunction
DHT plays a major role in hair loss in both male and female"

"Useful in diagnosing patients with Hemolytic (breakdown of Red blood cells) disease of the new born and Autoimmune (in which the body’s defense system attacks itself) hemolytic anaemia.
Also detects Hemolytic transfusion (of blood) reactions & Drug-induced hemolytic anemia."

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding sample type

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding site of collection

Detects IgG antibodies to a parasitic infection (Hydatid Disease - Echinococcosis) caused by a tapeworm, Echinococcus granulosus

"Helps to diagnosis of infections of the central nervous system, mainly the membranes and adjoining tissues of the brain, caused by Echo virus.
Echo virus can also cause Pharyngitis, Enteritis, Arthritis (inflammation of throat, intestines, joints respectively) and chronic heart disease."

"Helps to diagnosis of infections of the central nervous system, mainly the membranes and adjoining tissues of the brain, caused by Echo virus.
Echo virus can also cause Pharyngitis, Enteritis, Arthritis (inflammation of throat, intestines, joints respectively) and chronic heart disease."

"Helps to diagnosis of infections of the central nervous system, mainly the membranes and adjoining tissues of the brain, caused by Echo virus.
Echo virus can also cause Pharyngitis, Enteritis, Arthritis (inflammation of throat, intestines, joints respectively) and chronic heart disease."

"Gives the levels of Sodium, Potassium & Chloride (all collectively called as Electrolytes)
Useful in assessing acid base balance in a wide variety of medical conditions"

"Gives the levels of Sodium, Potassium & Chloride (all collectively called as Electrolytes)
Useful in assessing acid base balance (maintenance of the normal pH - the normal equilibrium between acids and alkalis in the body - within the body systems) to differentiate renal (kidney) and non-renal causes."

"Gives the levels of Sodium, Potassium & Chloride ( all collectively called as Electrolytes)
Useful in assessing acid base balance (maintenance of the normal pH - the normal equilibrium between acids and alkalis in the body - within the body systems) in a wide variety of medical conditions."

"Gives the levels of Sodium, Potassium, Chloride & Bicarbonate ( all collectively called as Electrolytes)
Useful in assessing acid base balance (maintenance of the normal pH - the normal equilibrium between acids and alkalis in the body - within the body systems) in a wide variety of medical conditions.
Used in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders associated with acid-base imbalance like diarrhea, renal tubular acidosis, renal failure etc."

To identify and diagnose Multiple Sclerosis, a complex disease of the central nervous system.

"In diagnosing or monitoring conditions that result in abnormal protein production or loss
Evaluates the presence of monoclonal gammopathy & renal damage
Quantitative determination of 5 types of Plasma (monoclonal) proteins namely Albumin, alpha-1 globulin, alpha-2 globulin, beta globulin and gamma globulin"

"In diagnosing or monitoring conditions that result in abnormal protein production or loss
Evaluates the presence of monoclonal gammopathy & renal damage in urine
Quantitative determination of 5 types of Plasma (monoclonal) proteins namely Albumin, alpha-1 globulin, alpha-2 globulin, beta globulin and gamma globulin."

"Detecting IgA endomysial antibodies (EMA) is useful in the evaluation of diseases like :
Coeliac disease (an autoimmune disorder of the small intestine)
Dermatitis herpetiformis (an autoimmune blistering disorder associated with a gluten-sensitive enteropathy) by detecting IgA Endomysial antibodies (EMA)."

"Detects infection caused by EBV (Epstein Barr Virus) that causes Infectious mononucleosis, usually a self-limiting disease in children and young adults.
Infection with EBV can cause Lymphoproliferative (increase in lymphocytes) disorders including tumors"

"Detects infection caused by EBV (Epstein Barr Virus) that causes Infectious mononucleosis, usually a self-limiting disease in children and young adults.
Infection with EBV can cause Lymphoproliferative (increase in lymphocytes) disorders including tumors"

"Detects infection caused by EBV (Epstein Barr Virus) that causes Infectious mononucleosis, usually a self-limiting disease in children and young adults.
Infection with EBV can cause Lymphoproliferative (increase in lymphocytes) disorders including tumors"

"Indicates presence and intensity of an inflammatory process.
To monitor the course or response to treatment of certain diseases.
Very high levels are found in cases of cancers, blood diseases, collagen disorders and kidney diseases."

"Test helps to
Distinguish between primary and secondary Polycythemia (abnormal increase of haemoglobin/RBCs)
Differentiate between appropriate secondary Polycythemia (due to High altitude, respiratory problem and smoking) and inappropriate secondary Polycythemia (cancer)"

"Test helps
In evaluating hypogonadism (underdevelopment of ovaries), oligomenorrhea (irregular menstrual periods) and status of ovaries in IVF studies in females.
In detecting hormonal imbalance and monitoring Hormone replacement therapy (HRT).
In evaluating feminization including Gynecomastia (enlargement of a man's breasts) in males."

"Test used as a marker of health and wellbeing of a foetus.
Low levels indicate chromosomal or congenital abnormalities like Down syndrome during antenatal screening for foetal anomalies"

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding sample type

"Helps to detect subtypes of autoantibodies (harmful antibody that attacks components of the body) associated with different clinical conditions
Note : Subtypes include antibodies to nRNP, Sm, SS-A, SS-B, Scl-70, Jo-1, CENP-B"

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding site of collection

"This test is useful
To find the cause of too much bleeding (decreased blood clotting),
To see how well treatment for hemophilia B (lack of blood clotting) is working
To measure the activity of factor IX -- one of the substances involved in blood clotting (coagulation)"

"Used to evaluate a prolonged PT/APTT.
Deficiency (low level) is associated with bleeding risk."

"This test helps to
Identify individuals at increased risk for venous and arterial thrombosis
Identify individuals at increased risk for pregnancy-associated complications
Used in patients with clinically suspected Thrombophilia and family history"

"Useful to evaluate a prolonged APTT.
Low level (deficiency) detects the second most common form of Hemophilia (Hemophilia-A, a genetic disorder) – a condition which cannot form clot to stop bleeding."

"Low level (deficiency) Factor XIII levels may cause a bleeding disorder.
Absence may be associated with spontaneous intracranial haemorrhage (Bleeding inside the skull)."

Useful in the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemias and iron overload.

"Useful in the diagnosis of intravascular coagulation (blood clots) and fibrinolysis in conditions such as acute deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
Elevated levels are also seen in liver diseases and malignancy"

"Detects increased or decreased fibrinogen concentration of acquired or congenital origin
Useful in detecting the cause of blood clots (DIC - disseminated intravascular coagulation)"

This test is useful in the detection of Microfilaria in the peripheral blood in both lymphatic and non-lymphatic filariasis (elephantiasis).

Screening for Down Syndrome in the fetus

"Useful for Biochemical diagnosis and monitoring of intestinal tumor (Neuroendocrine Tumor – Carcinoid)
It is an indicator of Serotonin (A Neurotransmitter) producing tumor"

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection.

"Preliminary test to diagnose abnormal growth or infections in different parts of the body.
Common sites examined include breast, thyroid, liver, kidney, lung, prostate, pancreas, retroperitoneum, salivary glands & lymph nodes."

"Preliminary test to diagnose abnormal growth or infections in different parts of the body.
Common sites examined include breast, thyroid, liver, kidney, lung, prostate, pancreas, retroperitoneum, salivary glands & lymph nodes."

This test is useful in detecting folate (Vitamin B) deficiency and to monitor folate therapy.

"This test is useful
As an aid adjunct in the evaluation of menstrual irregularities.
For evaluating patients with suspected hypogonadism, predicts ovulation, evaluates infertility and helps in diagnosing pituitary disorders."

"Test used as a marker of health and wellbeing of a foetus.
Low levels indicate chromosomal or congenital abnormalities like Down syndrome during antenatal screening for foetal anomalies."

"The test is done to determine increased or decreased cortisol production.
Diseases such as Cushing's disease and Addison's disease, can lead to either too much or too little production of cortisol and indicate adrenal insufficiency."

"Useful to detect, diagnose and monitor plasma cell disorders such as multiple myeloma and amyloidosis (a metabolic disease)
Note: This test estimates free Kappa, free Lambda chains and ratio."

"Useful to detect, diagnose and monitor plasma cell disorders such as multiple myeloma and amyloidosis (a metabolic disease)
Note: This test estimates free Kappa, free Lambda chains and ratio"

Detects and evaluates the risk of Prostate cancer.

"Measures both Free levels of Triiodothyronine (FT3) and Thyroxine (FT4) along with Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) level.
Useful to confirm the accurate status of Thyroid function
Helps to diagnose hypothyroidism / hyperthyroidism
Helps to monitor thyroid hormone replacement therapy
Elevated levels are associated with Thyrotoxicosis (excess of thyroid hormone in blood)."

"Helps to confirm the thyroid status along with FT4 and TSH tests.
Helps to monitor thyroid hormone replacement therapy.
Elevated levels are associated with Thyrotoxicosis (excess of thyroid hormone in blood)."

"Measures both Free levels of Triiodothyronine (FT3) and Thyroxine (FT4) along with Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) level.
Useful to confirm the accurate status of Thyroid function
Helps to diagnose hypothyroidism / hyperthyroidism
Helps to monitor thyroid hormone replacement therapy
Elevated levels are associated with Thyrotoxicosis (excess of thyroid hormone in blood)."

"Useful for diagnosing both Hypo / Hyperthyroidism
FT4 along with TSH gives an accurate picture of thyroid status."

"This measures a person's level of free testosterone because this hormone is responsible for sexual traits
Women with high levels may have polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a condition marked by infertility
Men with low levels can become infertile"

"Useful to assess intermediate term glycemic control.
Fructosamine reflects glycemic control in diabetic patients over the previous 2 to 3 weeks.
High values indicate poor control."

"Measures the levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Prolactin
Used in the evaluation of infertility and predicts ovulation
For evaluation of menstrual irregularities, amenorrhea and galactorrhea
For evaluating patients with suspected hypogonadism
Helps to diagnose pituitary disorders and monitor therapy in tumors related"

To detect any Fungal infection from corresponding sample type

To detect the presence of fungal elements the given sample

G6PD deficiency is a hereditary (genetic) condition observed when exposed to certain drugs or the stress of Viral and bacterial infections.

"GGTP is a sensitive indicator of biliary tract (Bile duct) disease.
It is elevated in any liver disease/damage or tumor and in some cancers of pancreas.
Increased levels seen in chronic alcoholics."

"A hormone (secreted by stomach mucosa) is pathologically increased in Gastrinoma (gastroenterological disorders) and hence useful in its diagnosis.
Used to investigate patients with Achlorhydria (absence of acid production in stomach) / Pernicious anemia (Vitamin B12 deficiency) and Zollinger- Ellison syndrome (Gastrinoma)."

"GFR estimation is the best overall index of the Kidney function.
Low GFR result is seen in kidney failure."

"Estimates the Globulin levels from total Protein and Albumin
Increased levels of globulin are noted in myeloproliferative disorders and plasma cells dyscrasias (disorder or abnormal state of plasma cells)"

Useful for evaluating patients with rapid onset of kidney failure or lung hemorrhage (bleeding) and thus aids in the diagnosis of Goodpasture`s syndrome.

"Glucose measurement in body fluid may be useful with other laboratory investigations to evaluate effusions (Fluids escaped into tissues).
Decreased concentrations are associated with bacterial infections, inflammation such as Rheumatoid arthritis and occasionally malignancy (cancer)."

"Glucose measurement in body fluid may be useful with other laboratory investigations to evaluate effusions (Fluids escaped into tissues).
Decreased concentrations are associated with bacterial infections, inflammation such as Rheumatoid arthritis and occasionally malignancy (cancer)."

"Glucose measurement in body fluid may be useful with other laboratory investigations to evaluate effusions (Fluids escaped into tissues).
Decreased concentrations are associated with bacterial infections, inflammation such as Rheumatoid arthritis and occasionally malignancy (cancer)."

"Useful to diagnose and monitor high blood glucose (hyperglycemia) or low blood glucose (hypoglycemia), diabetes, and pre-diabetes.
Useful in the management of Diabetes mellitus."

"Useful to diagnose and monitor high blood glucose (hyperglycemia) or low blood glucose (hypoglycemia), diabetes, and pre-diabetes.
Useful in the management of Diabetes mellitus."

"Glucose measurement in body fluid may be useful with other laboratory investigations to evaluate effusions (Fluids escaped into tissues).
Decreased concentrations are associated with bacterial infections, inflammation such as Rheumatoid arthritis and occasionally malignancy (cancer)."

"Useful to diagnose and monitor high blood glucose (hyperglycemia) or low blood glucose (hypoglycemia), diabetes, and pre-diabetes.
Useful in the management of Diabetes mellitus."

"Useful to diagnose and monitor high blood glucose (hyperglycemia) or low blood glucose (hypoglycemia), diabetes, and pre-diabetes.
Useful in the management of Diabetes mellitus."

"Useful to diagnose and monitor high blood glucose (hyperglycemia) or low blood glucose (hypoglycemia), diabetes, and pre-diabetes.
Useful in the management of Diabetes mellitus."

"Useful to diagnose and monitor high blood glucose (hyperglycemia) or low blood glucose (hypoglycemia), diabetes, and pre-diabetes. Useful in the management of Diabetes mellitus."

"Useful to diagnose and monitor high blood glucose (hyperglycemia) or low blood glucose (hypoglycemia), diabetes, and pre-diabetes.
Useful in the management of Diabetes mellitus."

"Useful to diagnose and monitor high blood glucose (hyperglycemia) or low blood glucose (hypoglycemia), diabetes, and pre-diabetes.
Useful in the management of Diabetes mellitus."

"Useful to diagnose and monitor high blood glucose (hyperglycemia) or low blood glucose (hypoglycemia), diabetes, and pre-diabetes.
Useful in the management of Diabetes mellitus."

"Useful to diagnose and monitor high blood glucose (hyperglycemia) or low blood glucose (hypoglycemia), diabetes, and pre-diabetes.
Useful in the management of Diabetes mellitus."

"Useful to diagnose and monitor high blood glucose (hyperglycemia) or low blood glucose (hypoglycemia), diabetes, and pre-diabetes.
Useful in the management of Diabetes mellitus."

Useful for screening blood glucose.

Useful for screening blood glucose.

Useful for screening blood glucose.

Useful for screening blood glucose.

"Glucose measurement in body fluid may be useful with other laboratory investigations to evaluate effusions (Fluids escaped into tissues).
ecreased concentrations are associated with bacterial infections, inflammation such as Rheumatoid arthritis and occasionally malignancy (cancer)."

"Glucose measurement in body fluid may be useful with other laboratory investigations to evaluate effusions (Fluids escaped into tissues).
Decreased concentrations are associated with bacterial infections, inflammation such as Rheumatoid arthritis and occasionally malignancy (cancer)."

"Glucose measurement in body fluid may be useful with other laboratory investigations to evaluate effusions (Fluids escaped into tissues).
Decreased concentrations are associated with bacterial infections, inflammation such as Rheumatoid arthritis and occasionally malignancy (cancer)."

"Glucose measurement in body fluid may be useful with other laboratory investigations to evaluate effusions (Fluids escaped into tissues).
Decreased concentrations are associated with bacterial infections, inflammation such as Rheumatoid arthritis and occasionally malignancy (cancer)."

"Glucose measurement in body fluid may be useful with other laboratory investigations to evaluate effusions (Fluids escaped into tissues).
Decreased concentrations are associated with bacterial infections, inflammation such as Rheumatoid arthritis and occasionally malignancy (cancer)."

"Glucose measurement in body fluid may be useful with other laboratory investigations to evaluate effusions (Fluids escaped into tissues).
Decreased concentrations are associated with bacterial infections, inflammation such as Rheumatoid arthritis and occasionally malignancy (cancer)."

"Glucose measurement in body fluid may be useful with other laboratory investigations to evaluate effusions (Fluids escaped into tissues).
Decreased concentrations are associated with bacterial infections, inflammation such as Rheumatoid arthritis and occasionally malignancy (cancer)."

Screening test for Gestational (Pregnancy) Diabetes mellitus

Screening test for Gestational (Pregnancy) Diabetes mellitus

Useful in the detection and management of Diabetes Mellitus.

Useful in the detection and management of Diabetes Mellitus

Useful in the detection and management of Diabetes Mellitus and gestational diabetes.

Useful in the detection and management of Diabetes Mellitus.

Recommended to investigation cases of hypoglycemia.

Useful to diagnose Insulin dependent Diabetes mellitus (IDDM)

Used for evaluating patients with possible inborn errors of metabolism

"Used for evaluating patients with possible inborn errors of metabolism
Note: This test is also a part of metabolic screening / amino acid chromatography to evaluate inborn errors of metabolism."

"Useful for diagnosing diabetes and evaluating long term control of blood glucose concentrations in diabetic patients
It reflects the mean glucose concentration over the previous period of 8 to 12 weeks and is a better indicator of long term glycemic control as compared with blood and urine glucose measurements."

To screen for the presence of micro-organisms (bacteria/ fungus) in the sample.

"Diagnosis of Haemolytic anemia, Beta Thalassemia.
It quantifies the percent of foetal haemoglobin (HbF) and assists in the diagnosis of disorders with elevated HbF."

Used for the detection of anaemia.

"To diagnose PNH (Paroxymal Nocturnal Haemoglobinuria).
Note : PNH is a condition where Red blood cells (RBCs) breakdown (lyse) abnormally and release of hemoglobin into the urine that is indicated by dark-colored urine in the morning."

Useful for confirmation of intravascular hemolysis and severe liver disease

"This test includes the following test :
Haemoglobin (Hb): used for the detection of anaemia.
Total WBC Count (TC): Determines the total white blood cell counts in the body.
WBC Differential Count (DC): helps to type the White blood cells found. Includes counts of Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Eosinophils, Monocytes and Basophils.
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR): determines the rate at which the red cells sediment in one hour.
Helps to detect and monitor infections, inflammatory conditions, blood cancer."

"This test includes the following test :
Haemoglobin (Hb): used for the detection of anaemia.
Total WBC Count (TC): Determines the total white blood cell counts in the body.
WBC Differential Count (DC): helps to type the White blood cells found. Includes counts of Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Eosinophils, Monocytes and Basophils.
Helps to detect and monitor infections, inflammatory conditions, blood cancer."

"Useful to assess the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD)
Note: HDL is referred to as Good Cholesterol"

Test is useful in detecting exposure to Heavy Metals and toxicology studies. Refer individual tests.

Test is useful in detecting exposure to Heavy Metals and toxicology studies. Refer individual tests.

Detects IgG antibodies to Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) and may persist for many years indicating the exposure & immunity against the virus

Detects IgM antibodies to Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) usually 15 - 45 days after infection.

Indicates acute infection with Hepatitis B virus.

"Detects IgG/Total antibodies to Hepatitis B Virus core antigen (HBcIgG/Total).
Useful for diagnosis of recent or past Hepatitis B infection.
Helps to determine hidden HBV infection in healthy HBV carriers."

"Detects antibodies to Hepatitis B Virus
E -antigen (AntiHBe Ag).
Useful for recognition of resolution of HBV infection."

"Detects Hepatitis B Virus e-antigen (HBeAg).
Useful for the diagnosis and monitoring of HBV infection.
Also determines infection status in chronically HBV infected patients."

A comprehensive test to diagnose any Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and to assess any liver damage ·  This profile consists of following tests. For further details refer the individual tests -Liver Function Test -Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HbsAg) – ELISA -Hepatitis B e Antigen (HbeAg) -Hepatitis B core Antibody – IgM (HbcAb) -Hepatitis B e Antibody – (Anti HbeAg) -Antibody to Hepatitis B surface Antigen – Anti HbsAg

"Useful for the diagnosis of acute, recent and chronic HBV Infection.
It also determines the chronic Hepatitis B infection status."

Screening test to diagnose Hepatitis B (HBV) infection

To diagnose active Hepatitis B infection.

"HBV PCR helps to diagnose chronic hepatitis B infection and HBV carriers
Used as an aid in the management of HBV infected patients and monitor their response to therapy."

Useful in diagnosing active HCV infection.

"Used as an aid in the management of HCV infected patients and monitor their response to therapy
Note: Not intended for initial diagnosis or confirmation of HCV infection."

"Detects HCV genotypes 1, 2, 3 & 4
Monitoring disease progression in chronic HCV infection and/or response to anti-HCV therapy
Note: Not intended for initial diagnosis or confirmation of HCV infection."

"Screening test for Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection
The presence of HCV antibody indicates exposure to HCV
Note: HCV antibodies usually appear > 6 months after onset of infection, Hepatitis leads to liver disease."

"Detects IgM antibodies to Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)
The presence of HCV antibody indicates exposure to HCV.
Levels may not be detectable in some patients for upto 6 months after infection.
A positive result indicates infection; it does not imply immunity."

Qualitative test that detects HCV antibodies

"Hepatitis D Virus (HDV) infection occurs in association with HBV infection.
A positive result for HDV IgM indicates recent HDV infection."

"Positive result for HEV IgG indicates the past HEV infection.
Note: Anti HEV IgG appears within a few days of infection and remains positive for several years."

"Positive result for HEV IgM indicates the acute or recent HEV infection
Note: Anti HEV IgM appears within a few days of infection and remains positive upto 6 months."

A comprehensive test to diagnose any Hepatitis virus infections and to assess any liver damage. This profile consists of following tests. For further details refer the individual tests-Liver Function Test-Hepatitis A Virus Antibody – IgM (HAV – IgM)-Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HbsAg) – ELISA -Hepatitis C Virus Antibody / Anti HCV-Hepatitis E Virus IgM/Anti HEV IgM

"Used for screening pregnant women in order to prevent transplacental transmission to the fetus and new born to rule out birth defects. Note: This profile screens for exposure to infection with Toxoplasma, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus (CMV) & Herpes Simplex virus (HSV) Positive for IgG antibodies indicates a past infection or immune status Positive for IgM antibodies indicates recent infection"

"Detects infection caused by HSV (Herpes Simplex Virus) A significant increase in HSV IgG is an indication of reactivation, current or recent infection The presence of HSV-1 IgM antibody is an indication of active infection"

"Used for screening pregnant women in order to prevent transplacental transmission to the fetus and new born to rule out birth defects. Note: This profile screens for exposure to infection with Toxoplasma, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus (CMV) & Herpes Simplex virus (HSV) Positive for IgG antibodies indicates a past infection or immune status Positive for IgM antibodies indicates recent infection"

"Detects infection caused by HSV (Herpes Simplex Virus) The presence of HSV-1 IgM antibody is an indication of active infection. A significant increase in HSV IgG is an indication of reactivation, current or recent infection."

"Used for screening pregnant women in order to prevent transplacental transmission to the fetus and new born to rule out birth defects. Note: This profile screens for exposure to infection with Toxoplasma, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus (CMV) & Herpes Simplex virus (HSV) Positive for IgG antibodies indicates a past infection or immune status Positive for IgM antibodies indicates recent infection"

"Used for screening pregnant women in order to prevent transplacental transmission to the fetus and new born to rule out birth defects. Note: This profile screens for exposure to infection with Toxoplasma, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus (CMV) & Herpes Simplex virus (HSV) Positive for IgG antibodies indicates a past infection or immune status Positive for IgM antibodies indicates recent infection"

"Detects infection caused by HSV (Herpes Simplex Virus) HSV-2 is the primary cause of initial and recurrent genital herpes and neonatal HSV. The presence of HSV-2 IgG antibody is an indication of previous exposure. The presence of HSV-2 IgM antibody is an indication of active infection"

"Used for screening pregnant women in order to prevent transplacental transmission to the fetus and new born to rule out birth defects. Note: This profile screens for exposure to infection with Toxoplasma, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus (CMV) & Herpes Simplex virus (HSV) Positive for IgG antibodies indicates a past infection or immune status Positive for IgM antibodies indicates recent infection"

"Used for screening pregnant women in order to prevent transplacental transmission to the fetus and new born to rule out birth defects. Note: This profile screens for exposure to infection with Toxoplasma, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus (CMV) & Herpes Simplex virus (HSV) Positive for IgG antibodies indicates a past infection or immune status Positive for IgM antibodies indicates recent infection"

Real-time PCR for the detection of HSV DNA in Blood / CSF is to detect infection such as Meningitis, Encephalitis (inflammation of the brain) and neonatal infections

Real-time PCR for the detection of HSV DNA in Blood / CSF is to detect infection such as Meningitis, Encephalitis (inflammation of the brain) and neonatal infections

"hsCRP is a sensitive predictor of increased cardiovascular risk
Note: hsCRP more accurately detects low concentration of CRP and helps to evaluate CVD (cardiovascular disease) including Coronary stroke, Myocardial infarction, Angina and Congestive heart failure"

"Screening test for HIV infection
Notes: HIV - Human immunodeficiency virus"

"Early detection of HIV infection
Notes: This permits the simultaneous detection of HIV antigens and reduces the diagnostic window period between the time of Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and seroconversion (production of antibodies)."

"Rapid Screening test for HIV infection. Result must be confirmed by ELISA Notes: HIV - Human immunodeficiency virus"

Helps in early detection of HIV infection

"HIV-1 RNA PCR testing provides a “viral load” value used as an aid in the management of HIV-1 infected patients Used to assess prognosis and monitor the effect of therapy Note: Not intended for use in the initial diagnosis or confirmation of HIV-1 infection."

"Detects HIV 1 infection Note: Diagnosis of HIV 1 infection should be based on clinical presentation and other diagnostic tests Not a screening test. This test should follow a Reactive HIV - ELISA TEST Not a screening test. This test should follow a Reactive HIV - ELISA TEST."

Positivity associated with autoimmune disorder such as Behcet's syndrome (involves inflammation of the blood vessels)

"The presence of HLA B27 is associated with a number of autoimmune diseases such as Ankylosing Spondylitis, Reiter's syndrome, Juvenile Rheumatoid arthritis and Anterior Uveitis Note: HLA – Human Leucocyte antigen are identified during HLA typing for organ and tissue transplant compatibility."

"Homocysteine is an important marker for Cardiovascular risk assessment. Note: Deficiency of Vitamin B can result in elevated values."

To diagnose / monitor Homocystinuria

Helps in identifying Alkaptonuria (Black Urine disease), a rare inherited genetic (autosomal recessive) disorder of phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism

"Measures the amount of human growth hormone (GH) in the blood especially for dwarfism (Short stature) & assessment of treatment. Notes: Test for growth hormone (GH) is done to, See whether a child with abnormal growth has dwarfism or gigantism, See whether an adult has Acromegaly (a condition is caused by a tumor (adenoma) of the pituitary gland),"

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

Refers to the process of detecting antigens in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in tissues

This profile is used to assess the immune status to Hepatitis A & B Vaccines and MMR vaccinationThis profile consists of following tests. For further details refer the individual tests 1.Hepatitis A Virus Antibody - IgG / Total (Anti HAV IgG) 2.Antibody to Hepatitis B Surface Antigen - Anti HBsAg 3.Measles IgG Antibody (Rubeola) 4.Mumps IgG 5.Rubella IgG

Includes quantitative identification of IgA/IgG/IgM Heavy Chains and Kappa/ Lambda Light Chains.

"Includes qualitative detection of IgA/IgG/IgM Heavy Chains and Kappa/ Lambda Light Chains.Useful for diagnosing & monitoring patients with Monoclonal gammopathies.
Note: This method is superior to Protein electrophoresis for screening Monoclonal Gammopathies."

Includes quantitative identification of IgA/IgG/IgM Heavy Chains and Kappa/ Lambda Light Chains. Useful for diagnosing & monitoring patients with Monoclonal gammopathies.

Helps to monitor levels of Immunoglobulin IgA, IgM, IgG & IgE in evaluation of immune deficiencies & Monoclonal Gammopathies. The total IgE helps to detect allergic disorders
Note: Ig - Immunoglobulin

"Used to estimate the total level of Immunoglobulin-E (IgE) Total IgE helps to detect allergic disorders Note: Ig - Immunoglobulin"

Helps to monitor levels of Immunoglobulin IgA, IgM, IgG & IgE in evaluation of immune deficiencies & Monoclonal Gammopathies. The total IgE helps to detect allergic disorders
Note: Ig - Immunoglobulin

Helps to monitor levels of Immunoglobulin IgA, IgM, IgG & IgE in evaluation of immune deficiencies & Monoclonal Gammopathies. The total IgE helps to detect allergic disorders
Note: Ig - Immunoglobulin

Helps to monitor levels of Immunoglobulin IgA, IgM, IgG & IgE in evaluation of immune deficiencies & Monoclonal Gammopathies. The total IgE helps to detect allergic disorders
Note: Ig - Immunoglobulin

Used for detection of Cryptococcus neoformans that causes Cryptococcosis*, a disease that affects mainly lungs and Central Nervous System especially in immuno deficient individuals.*An invasive fungal infection caused by Cryptococcus neoformans found commonly in pigeon droppings

Used to identify Red blood cell IgG antibodies that can cross the placenta and cause Hemolytic (breakdown of RBCs) disease of the newborn.

Used as a screening test of infectious mononucleosis , a contagious disease caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)

Used as a screening test of infectious mononucleosis , a contagious disease caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)

"Test used as a marker of health and wellbeing of a foetus. Low levels indicate chromosomal or congenital abnormalities like Down syndrome during antenatal screening for foetal anomalies Used for the diagnosis of certain Ovarian tumors."

"Used for infertility evaluation and to monitor recurrence of ovarian tumors Helps to differentiate ovarian tumor with mucinous epithelial ovarian tumors where CA 125 marker is in normal levels Screening test for certain ovarian cancers in post-menopausal women"

Useful in the management of Diabetes. Failure of insulin production leads to Type 1 diabetes. Also used for diagnosing Insulinoma when used in conjunction with Proinsulin and C-peptide measurement.

Useful in the management of Diabetes. Failure of insulin production leads to Type 1 diabetes. Also used for diagnosing Insulinoma when used in conjunction with Proinsulin and C-peptide measurement.

Useful in the management of Diabetes. Failure of insulin production leads to Type 1 diabetes. Also used for diagnosing Insulinoma when used in conjunction with Proinsulin and C-peptide measurement.

Useful in the management of Diabetes. Failure of insulin production leads to Type 1 diabetes. Also used for diagnosing Insulinoma when used in conjunction with Proinsulin and C-peptide measurement.

Useful in the management of Diabetes. Failure of insulin production leads to Type 1 diabetes. Also used for diagnosing Insulinoma when used in conjunction with Proinsulin and C-peptide measurement.

Useful in the management of Diabetes. Failure of insulin production leads to Type 1 diabetes. Also used for diagnosing Insulinoma when used in conjunction with Proinsulin and C-peptide measurement.

Useful in the management of Diabetes. Failure of insulin production leads to Type 1 diabetes. Also used for diagnosing Insulinoma when used in conjunction with Proinsulin and C-peptide measurement.

"Useful in predicting future development of Type 1 diabetes in asymptomatic persons. Evaluates Insulin resistance in diabetes Investigates hypoglycemia in nondiabetic persons"

Useful to evaluate growth related disorder and pituitary function, and to monitor the effectiveness of growth hormone treatment. A marker for insulin produced tumors

Useful for diagnosing growth disorders, adult GH deficiency and to evaluate pituitary disorders. Used to monitor growth hormone treatment and can also be used as an adjunct to IGF-1 & GH in the diagnosis and followup of Acromegaly & Gigantism

Ionized calcium provides a more physiologically accurate assessment of calcium especially in the presence of high protein concentrations, hyperparathyroidism (high) and hypoparathyroidism (low)

"Used to measure the iron content in blood To diagnose Iron deficiency resulting in Anemia."

To diagnose Iron deficiency resulting in Anemia . Note- Includes Serum Iron, TIBC (Total iron binding capacity) & Transferrin saturation

"To diagnose Iron deficiency resulting in Anemia. Ferritin is a more sensitive and reliable indicator of iron deficiency Note- Includes Serum Iron, TIBC (Total iron binding capacity), Transferrin saturation & Ferritin"

Used for risk assessment & predict onset of Type 1 Diabetes

To diagnose bone marrow disorder characterized by overproduction of one or more types of blood cells (RBC, WBC, Platelets) known as myeloproliferative neoplasms leading to different forms of blood cancer

Marker of Polymyositis (inflammation of muscles) a connective tissue disease. Also detected in patients with interstitial pulmonary fibrosis & Symmetrical polyarthritis (joint inflammation)

To detect the presence of fungal elements.

Useful in the diagnosis of Lactate acidosis associated with short bowel syndrome and gastroenteritis

Useful to differentiate bacterial from viral Meningitis (inflammation of Meninges, that cover brain and spinal cord).

"Measured to check for tissue damage in many organs.To monitor changes in Tumor burden after chemotherapy. Note: Useful for investigating a variety of diseases involving many organs as it is found in highest concentrations in liver, heart, muscle, kidney, lung & erythrocytes"

Measured to check for tissue damage in many organs.Note: Useful for investigating a variety of diseases involving many organs as it is found in highest concentrations in liver, heart, muscle, kidney, lung & erythrocytes

LDL cholesterol (Bad Cholesterol) is used to assess the risk of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and to decide the treatment.

Measures the presence of special cell found mostly in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythromatosis (SLE). Some patients with rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, and drug sensitivities also test positive

Useful in detecting industrial, dietary and accidental exposure to lead and to monitor detoxification therapy

Elevated urinary Lead concentration is indicative of chronic lead toxicity. Urinary Lead concentrations may be used to monitor detoxification therapy.

Elevated Leptin levels are associated with obesity, overeating, and inflammation-related diseases, including hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease

Screening for Leptospiral infection. Note: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease transmitted through soil, food or water contaminated by urine of infected animal

Screening for Leptospiral infection in renal (Kidney) involvement.Note: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease transmitted through soil, food or water contaminated by urine of infected animal

Diagnosis of Leptospiral infection. Note: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease transmitted through soil, food or water contaminated by urine of infected animal

Diagnosis of Leptospiral infection. Note: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease transmitted through soil, food or water contaminated by urine of infected animal

Diagnosis of Leptospiral infection. Note: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease transmitted through soil, food or water contaminated by urine of infected animal

Diagnosis of Leptospiral infection. Note: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease transmitted through soil, food or water contaminated by urine of infected animal

Diagnosis of Leptospiral infection. Note: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease transmitted through soil, food or water contaminated by urine of infected animal

Diagnosis of Leptospiral infection. Note: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease transmitted through soil, food or water contaminated by urine of infected animal

Diagnosis of Leptospiral infection. Note: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease transmitted through soil, food or water contaminated by urine of infected animal

Diagnosis of Leptospiral infection. Note: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease transmitted through soil, food or water contaminated by urine of infected animal

"This test is useful As an aid adjunct in the evaluation of menstrual irregularities. For evaluating patients with suspected hypogonadism, predicts ovulation, evaluates infertility and helps in diagnosing pituitary disorders."

To diagnose pancreatic injury / inflammation

"Useful in the detection, classification and monitoring of patients with lipid disorders (Refer individual tests) Note: Lipid profile (LP) includes Cholesterol, Triglycerides, HDL cholesterol-Direct, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol and derived ratios"

To help determine the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), coronary heart disease (CHD), and an ischemic stroke

High levels of Lp(A) increase cardiovascular risk 2-3 fold especially Coronary Heart Disease (CHD).

To determine lithium levels in the blood and to evaluate toxicity. Note: To monitor therapy of patients with bipolar disorders

This test assesses the functional activity of the Liver. Note: Includes Bilirubin (Direct & Total), AST (SGOT), ALT (SGPT), Alkaline Phosphatase, Total Protein, Albumin, Globulin, A:G ratio & GGT.

"Useful for determining the presence of Lupus Anticoagulant that is associated with increased risk of thrombosis Determine the cause of recurrent miscarriages as part of an evaluation for antiphospholipid syndrome Note: This test is different from SLE test"

Test confirms a positive EIA test and should not be used for screening. IgM positivity confirms acute Lyme disease - Stage 1 and IgG positivity confirms Lyme disease - Stages 2 & 3

Screening for Lyme disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi which is transmitted by ticks.

Screening for Lyme disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi which is transmitted by ticks.

Screening for Lyme disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi which is transmitted by ticks.

Hyperprolactinemia may be caused by the presence of a high molecular mass complex of prolactin called Macroprolactin. Note : Macroprolactin should be considered if prolactin levels are elevated, but signs and symptoms of hyperprolactinemia are absent or pituitary imaging studies are normal.

Hypermagnesemia is seen in Acute & Chronic renal failure and magnesium overload. Magnesium deficiency may result from inadequate intake of magnesium, chronic diarrhea, malabsorption, alcoholism, chronic stress and medications such as diuretics.

Increased concentrations of Magnesium seen in patients with renal failure. Low values may result from a number of conditions including inadequate intake of magnesium, chronic diarrhea, malabsorption, alcoholism, chronic stress, and medications such as diuretics.

Increased concentrations of Magnesium seen in patients with renal failure. Decreased levels are seen in chronic diarrhea, malabsorption, alcoholism and medications such as diuretics.

Diagnosis of Malaria (an infectious disease caused by Plasmodium parasites)

"A screening test for tuberculosis especially in children. A negative test does not always mean that a person is free of tuberculosis Notes : Used to determine if someone has developed an immune response to the bacterium that causes tuberculosis, by a delayed-type hypersensitivity skin reaction to PPD (Purified Protein Derivative) - certain components of the bacterium"

"MCV : Reflects the size of the RBCs and used to detect anemia MCH & MCHC : Reflects the haemoglobin content and used to detect anemia Notes : As part of the Complete Haemogram / Complete Blood Count (CBC) tests, this test helps to diagnose the cause of anemia, a condition in which there are too few red blood cells (RBCs)"

"MCV : Reflects the size of the RBCs and used to detect anemia MCH & MCHC : Reflects the haemoglobin content and used to detect anemia Notes : As part of the Complete Haemogram / Complete Blood Count (CBC) tests, this test helps to diagnose the cause of anemia, a condition in which there are too few red blood cells (RBCs)"

"MCV : Reflects the size of the RBCs and used to detect anemia MCH & MCHC : Reflects the haemoglobin content and used to detect anemia Notes : As part of the Complete Haemogram / Complete Blood Count (CBC) tests, this test helps to diagnose the cause of anemia, a condition in which there are too few red blood cells (RBCs)"

"Used to detect infection with Measles virus. IgM positivity indicates recent infection IgG positivity indicates previous exposure to the virus or immunity (Vaccination) Notes : Measles virus is highly contagious particularly infecting children, pregnant women, immunocompromised and nutritionally deficient individual"

"Used to detect infection with Measles virus.IgM positivity indicates recent infection IgG positivity indicates previous exposure to the virus or immunity (Vaccination) Notes : Measles virus is highly contagious particularly infecting children, pregnant women, immunocompromised and nutritionally deficient individual"

"Used to detect infection with Measles virus. IgM positivity indicates recent infection IgG positivity indicates previous exposure to the virus or immunity (Vaccination) Notes : Measles virus is highly contagious particularly infecting children, pregnant women, immunocompromised and nutritionally deficient individual"

Detecting mercury toxicity. Notes: Mercury, a highly toxic metal is present in select industrial environments and in contaminated ocean fish

Urinary measurement is the most reliable way to assess exposure to inorganic mercury Notes: Mercury, a highly toxic metal is present in select industrial environments and in contaminated ocean fish.

A comprehensive test to diagnose any metabolic dysfunction andmalabsorption. This profile consists of following tests. For further details refer the individual tests-Complete Haemogram-Glucose – Fasting-Urea-Creatinine-Uric Acid-Lipid Profile-Liver Function Test-Electrolytes (NA, K, CL)-Calcium-Phosphorus-Urine Complete Analysis

A positive result indicates presence of an inborn error of metabolism and requires follow up with quantitative testing. Notes: Test includes Amino Acids – Qualitative, Reducing Substances, DNPH test, FeCl2 test, Nitrosonapthol, Nitroprusside, Silver Nitroprusside test.

This test is helpful when pheochromocytoma (Tumor in one or both of the adrenal glands or in the abdomen) is suspected or to rule out its possibility. Also helpful if a person has persistent or recurring hypertension

To diagnose or rule out tumor in the adrenal glands

Confirms use of the drug Methadone

Confirms use of the drug Methamphetamine

Helps to diagnose an early or mild Vitamin B12 deficiency

Used to screen diabetic patients for kidney problems. Note: Testing once in a year helps in early identification of kidney disease

To evaluate diabetic patients and assess the potential of early onset of nephropathy before onset of proteinuria. It is recommended that all Type 1 diabetic patients >12 years and all Type 2 diabetic patients 70 years should be tested for microalbuminuria annually

To evaluate diabetic patients and assess the potential of early onset of nephropathy before onset of proteinuria. It is recommended that all Type 1 diabetic patients >12 years and all Type 2 diabetic patients 70 years should be tested for microalbuminuria annually.

This test is useful in the detection of Microfilaria in the peripheral blood in both lymphatic and non-lymphatic filariasis (elephantiasis).

Diagnosis of Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS), an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage (genetic) disorder

"Used of diagnosis of Mumps virus infection. Absence of detectable IgG antibodies suggests lack of immune response to immunization (Vaccination) Detection of IgM antibodies indicating a recent / acute phase infection with the virus."

"Used of diagnosis of Mumps virus infection. Absence of detectable IgG antibodies suggests lack of immune response to immunization (Vaccination) Detection of IgM antibodies indicating a recent / acute phase infection with the virus."

"Used of diagnosis of Mumps virus infection. Absence of detectable IgG antibodies suggests lack of immune response to immunization (Vaccination) Detection of IgM antibodies indicating a recent / acute phase infection with the virus."

Used to evaluate Myasthenia gravis (MG) patient’s response to therapy. Note: MG – An autoimmune disorder of skeletal muscle

"For the diagnosis of Myasthenia Gravis, a neuro muscular disorder Note: This test comprises of Acetyl Choline Receptor Antibody (AChR) and Anti Skeletal Muscle Antibody (ASKA). For further details refer individual tests."

Helps in the diagnosis of Pneumonia (a contagious respiratory infection) caused by a bacteria called Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Helps in the diagnosis of Pneumonia (a contagious respiratory infection) caused by a bacteria called Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Helps in the diagnosis of Pneumonia (a contagious respiratory infection) caused by a bacteria called Mycoplasma pneumoniae

The concentration of MBP is often increased in patients with Demyelinating diseases like Multiple Sclerosis. Increase in patients with head injury, CNS trauma, Stroke, Tumors and Viral Encephalitis.

"Useful for assessing muscle damage from any cause. Elevated myoglobin levels are seen in cases of acute muscle injury, resuscitation, myopathies, shock & strenuous body activity. Marked elevation occurs in Rhabdomyolysis (break down of skeletal muscles)"

To detect the presence of fungal elements.

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding site of collection

Test is useful in detecting Nickel Toxicity leading to renal damage. And can also cause allergy – asthma and skin related diseases.

Screening test for Nicotine used for monitoring tobacco usage

Used to look for abnormal / cancer cells in the discharge

Used to look for abnormal / cancer cells in the discharge

"Epinephrine (Adrenaline) & Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline) are the catecholamines which help to diagnose or rule out tumor in the adrenal glands It may also be used to diagnose neuroblastoma and related tumors"

"Epinephrine (Adrenaline) & Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline) are the catecholamines which help to diagnose an adrenal gland tumor called pheochromocytoma. It may also be used to diagnose neuroblastoma and related tumors"

This test is helpful when pheochromocytoma (Tumor in one or both of the adrenal glands or in the abdomen) is suspected or to rule out its possibility. Also helpful in evaluation of persistent or recurring hypertension

Confirms use of the drug Opiates (Morphine)

Helps to evaluate body's water balance and electrolyte balance. Determine the cause of chronic diarrhea.

Helps to evaluate body's water balance and urine concentration. It is more exact measurement than a urine specific gravity

Diagnosis of Hereditary Spherocytosis (hemolytic anemia)

"Useful for identifying increased urinary oxalate as a risk factor for stone formation. Also helps in the diagnosis of Primary or Secondary hyperoxaluria. Ingestion of Ascorbic acid may falsely elevate urinary oxalate excretion."

"Also known as Haematocrit (HCT) and determines the concentrate of packed cells Vs. plasma cells It is a measure of proportion of blood volume that is occupied by the Red Blood cells (RBCs)"

To screen for Cervical cancer and certain vaginal uterine infections.

To screen for cervical cancer (women) and certain vaginal uterine infections. Use of LBC technique may eliminate obscuring material such as blood and mucus. The same sample can be used to perform testing for HPV (Human Papilloma virus).

"Test used as a marker of health and wellbeing of a foetus. Low levels indicate chromosomal or congenital abnormalities like Down syndrome during antenatal screening for foetal anomalies Notes: PAPP - A refers to Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein."

Detects Para influenza virus infection

Detects Para influenza virus infection

Detects Para influenza virus infection

The test is used to help identify hyperparathyroidism. To find the cause of abnormal calcium levels, To check the status of chronic kidney disease.

"This test is often done on people who may have bleeding problems and hence used as a part of an investigation to evaluate bleeding disorder or thrombotic episode. To monitor heparin anticoagulant therapy Note: In general, normal APTT is between 25 - 35 seconds. If the person is taking blood thinners (anticoagulant), it may be two and a half times longer as in conditions like Haemophilia, DIC (Disseminated intravascular coagulation), Factor & Vitamin K Deficiencies & malabsorption."

Screening and diagnosis of various hematological (Blood) disorders / diseases.

Confirms use of drug, Phencyclidine Phosphate. (PCP)

Useful for monitoring appropriate therapeutic concentration and assessing compliance or toxicity of Phenobarbitone. Phenobarbitone is a CNS suppressant which has proven to be effective in the control of Generalized & Partial seizures (Fits)

Useful for monitoring appropriate therapeutic concentration and assessing compliance or toxicity of Phenytoin. Phenytoin is a drug of choice to treat and prevent Tonic-Clonic and Psychomotor seizures (Fits)

This test detects the amount of Phosphorous in the urine and useful to assess Calcium Phosphorous balance. Note: Many medical conditions affect Urinary Phosphorous levels

"Helps to diagnose and monitor treatment of various conditions that cause Calcium & Phosphorous imbalances and ordered along with Calcium Parathyroid Hormone and / or Vitamin D Note: Phosphorus is a critical anion found mostly in bone and muscle"

This test detects the amount of Phosphorous in the urine and useful to assess Calcium Phosphorous balance. Note: Many medical conditions affect Urinary Phosphorous levels

Measures the amount of Ketone / Acetone levels in blood. To detect diabetic Ketoacidosis. Note: Ketoacidosis – It is a dangerous complication of diabetes mellitus in which the chemical balance of the body becomes far too acidic resulting from severe Insulin deficiency like in Type I diabetes

"Determines the number of platelets (Thrombocytes) in the body Helps to screen for, diagnose or monitor conditions that affect the number of platelets such as bleeding disorders, a Bone marrow disease or any other underlying conditions"

"This test comprises of Cell count , Cell type, Glucose, Protein , Gram’s stain and AFB Stain Helps to diagnose the cause of inflammation and/or fluid accumulation pertaining to the site of collection, to rule out Meningitis, Peritonitis, Pleuritis & Synovitis."

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding site of collection

Screening test for 5-amino levulinic acid (ALA) and porphobilinogen (PBG) Used in differential diagnosis of Porphyria

Screening test for 5-amino levulinic acid (ALA) and porphobilinogen (PBG) .Used in differential diagnosis of Porphyria

Useful in evaluating electrolyte imbalance and to differentiate renal and non-renal causes.

"Gives the levels of Sodium, Potassium & Chloride (all collectively called as Electrolytes) Useful in assessing acid base balance (maintenance of the normal pH - the normal equilibrium between acids and alkalis in the body - within the body systems) to differentiate renal (kidney) and non-renal causes."

Useful in assessing Acid Base balance in a wide variety of medical conditions. To evaluate Cardiac Arrhythmia (heart functioning rate), Muscle weakness and renal failure.

"Gives the levels of Sodium, Potassium & Chloride (all collectively called as Electrolytes) Useful in assessing acid base balance (maintenance of the normal pH - the normal equilibrium between acids and alkalis in the body - within the body systems) to differentiate renal (kidney) and non-renal causes."

Useful for assessing nutritional status, (malnutrition) specially monitoring response to nutritional support in acutely ill patient. Note: Prealbumin acts as a binding protein for thyroxine and retinol binding protein. The levels are markedly diminished in malnutrition

A set of Comprehensive tests done before a planned operation (surgery). These tests provide information about any abnormal conditions, and that could affect the surgery and treatment. · This profile consists of following tests. For further details refer the individual tests-Complete Blood Count with ESR-Blood Group & Rh Type-Bleeding Time & Clotting Time-Prothrombin Time – PT-Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT) / APTT -Glucose – Random-Urea-Creatinine-HIV ELISA -Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HbsAg) – ELISA-VDRL / RPR-Urine Complete Analysis

Diagnosis of bacteremia and Septicemia in neonates, children, adults, and in post operative(surgery) period. Differentiates Bacterial from Viral Meningitis.

"Useful for tracking and confirming ovulation Helps to evaluate placental function in pregnancy Helps to diagnose an Ectopic or failing pregnancy and cause of abnormal uterine bleeding Used in the workup of patients with Adrenal / testicular tumors"

"Useful in the evaluation of Pituitary tumors, Amenorrhea, Galactorrhea, Infertility and Hypogonadism Also helps to monitor therapy in Prolactin producing tumors"

Confirms use of drug, Propoxypene

"Protein measurement in body fluid along with other laboratory investigations is useful in evaluation and management of effusions (Fluids escaped into tissues). Note: Increased Protein concentrations due to Inflammatory, Neoplastic or traumatic conditions are called Exudates Low protein fluids are called Transudates, may be due to heart failure"

"Protein measurement in body fluid along with other laboratory investigations is useful in evaluation and management of effusions (Fluids escaped into tissues). Note: Increased Protein concentrations due to Inflammatory, Neoplastic or traumatic conditions are called Exudates Low protein fluids are called Transudates, may be due to heart failure"

"Protein measurement in body fluid along with other laboratory investigations is useful in evaluation and management of effusions (Fluids escaped into tissues). Note: Increased Protein concentrations due to Inflammatory, Neoplastic or traumatic conditions are called Exudates Low protein fluids are called Transudates, may be due to heart failure"

"Protein measurement in body fluid along with other laboratory investigations is useful in evaluation and management of effusions (Fluids escaped into tissues). Note: Increased Protein concentrations due to Inflammatory, Neoplastic or traumatic conditions are called Exudates Low protein fluids are called Transudates, may be due to heart failure"

"Protein measurement in body fluid along with other laboratory investigations is useful in evaluation and management of effusions (Fluids escaped into tissues). Note: Increased Protein concentrations due to Inflammatory, Neoplastic or traumatic conditions are called Exudates Low protein fluids are called Transudates, may be due to heart failure"

"Protein measurement in body fluid along with other laboratory investigations is useful in evaluation and management of effusions (Fluids escaped into tissues). Note: Increased Protein concentrations due to Inflammatory, Neoplastic or traumatic conditions are called Exudates Low protein fluids are called Transudates, may be due to heart failure"

Measures protein in urine. Levels are increased in diseases that impair renal (Kidney) function like Diabetes, Hypertension, Nephrotic syndrome and Drug nephrotoxicity

"As a screening for people with Chronic conditions like Diabetes and Hypertension . For monitoring Proteinuria in adults with chronic Kidney disease To evaluate risk of Cardiovascular disease"

Used to measure & monitor protein and creatinine excretion in adults with Chronic Kidney disease.

To evaluate patients with Congenital Protein C deficiency. Helps to Identify decreased activity of Protein C due to oral anticoagulant effect, Vitamin K deficiency, Liver disease or sepsis

Useful for differentiating Congenital Type 1 Protein C deficiency from Type II deficiency

"A screening test to measure the various proteins in urine and helps to determine the cause. Primarily detects two types of protein : albumin and globulins. It evaluates the presence of monoclonal gammopathy (abnormal protein) & renal damage. Also helps in diagnosis of multiple myeloma (cancer of plasma cells) and macroglobulinemia (abnormal protein)"

Levels are increased in diseases that impair renal (Kidney) function like Diabetes, Hypertension, Nephrotic syndrome and Drug nephrotoxicity

Used as an adjunct to initial testing based on the results of Protein S antigen assay. Helps in evaluating patients with history of venous thromboembolism (clot) and diagnosing Congenital / Acquired Protein S deficiency

"Useful to detect risk of venous thrombosis (blood clot in blood vessel). Helps in diagnosing Congenital / Acquired Protein S deficiency Note: In addition patients may also suffer from recurrent miscarriage, intrauterine growth retardation, still births and arterial thrombosis"

Useful in evaluating patients for nutritional status, liver disease, protein losing renal (kidney) and gastrointestinal diseases

This test is often done on people who may have bleeding problems and hence used as a part of an investigation to evaluate bleeding disorder or thrombotic episode. A prolonged INR suggest a potential bleeding disorder or if on anticoagulant therapy

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding sample type

Useful to detect possible disorders of mitochondrial metabolism in conjunction with blood lactate

Maternal serum Quadruple (B-HCG, AFP, E3 and Inhibin-A) marker assessment is used for second Trimester Prenatal Screening for Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21 & 18) and other chromosomal anomalies.

"Blood test used for indirect measurement and diagnosing Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (both latent tuberculosis*infection and active tuberculosis disease), A positive result should always be confirmed by further diagnostic evaluation Notes : This test, an alternative to the Mantoux / tuberculin skin test, measures the cell mediated immune response to antigens simulating the mycobacterial proteins. It is usually negative in individuals vaccinated with Mycobacterium bovis BCG. *Latent Tb means the infecting bacteria are alive in the body in inactive form, asymptomatic and cannot spread infection, but have a risk of developing into an active infection that is both symptomatic and contagious."

This test is positive only when the parasite is present in the blood It becomes negative usually within 4 to 5 days after treatment

Determines the total Red blood cell count(RBC) and used to detect anemia

"A low Red Cell Folate level means a deficiency of the vitamin folate (folic acid). Folate is important for the normal production of red blood cells, and in prevention of neural tube defects such as spina bifida, in the unborn babies of pregnant women"

"MCV : Reflects the size of the RBCs and used to detect anemia MCH & MCHC : Reflects the haemoglobin content and used to detect anemia Notes : As part of the Complete Haemogram / Complete Blood Count (CBC) tests, this test helps to diagnose the cause of anemia, a condition in which there are too few red blood cells (RBCs)"

This profile is used to assess the Kidney Function. This profile consists of following tests. For further details refer the individual tests 1.Urea 2.Creatinine 3.Uric Acid 4.Electrolytes – Sodium, Potassium, Chloride, Bicarbonate 5.Serum Proteins – Total Protein, Albumin, Globulin & A:G ratio

"To evaluate kidney function Used to diagnose and monitor Gout (painful inflammation of joints), kidney stones and some form of Arthritis Useful in assessing acid base balance (maintenance of the normal pH - the normal equilibrium between acids and alkalis in the body - within the body systems) in a wide variety of medical conditions For further details refer individual tests This test comprises of Urea, Creatinine, Uric Acid, Electrolytes (Sodium, Potassium, Chloride and Bicarbonate) & Urine routine examination."

"To evaluate kidney function Used to diagnose and monitor Gout (painful inflammation of joints), kidney stones and some form of Arthritis Useful in assessing acid base balance (maintenance of the normal pH - the normal equilibrium between acids and alkalis in the body - within the body systems) in a wide variety of medical conditions For further details refer individual tests This test comprises of Urea, Creatinine, Uric Acid & Electrolytes (Sodium, Potassium, Chloride and Bicarbonate)"

Estimates the percentage of newly formed red cells in the blood, To monitor response to therapy after treatment of anemia, bone marrow transplant or Renal failure

"Screening test for HIV infection Notes: HIV - Human immunodeficiency virus"

"Rapid Screening test for HIV infection. Result must be confirmed by ELISA Notes: HIV - Human immunodeficiency virus"

"Useful in diagnosing patients with Hemolytic (breakdown of Red blood cells) disease of the new born and Autoimmune (in which the body’s defense system attacks itself) hemolytic anaemia. Also detects Hemolytic transfusion (of blood) reactions & Drug-induced hemolytic anemia."

Used in diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis. It may also be seen in other medical conditions like Sjogren’s syndrome (inflammation of glands and body tissue) and Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE - Chronic inflammation).

Used in diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis. It may also be seen in other medical conditions like Sjogren’s syndrome (inflammation of glands and body tissue) and Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE - Chronic inflammation).

"A rubella test is used to confirm the presence of adequate protection against rubella virus. It may also be ordered on a new born suspected to have become infected during pregnancy or the presence with congenital birth disease suspected due to rubella infections. IgG detects past exposure to the virus or vaccination."

"Used for screening pregnant women in order to prevent transplacental transmission to the fetus and new born to rule out birth defects. Note: This profile screens for exposure to infection with Toxoplasma, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus (CMV) & Herpes Simplex virus (HSV) Positive for IgG antibodies indicates a past infection or immune status Positive for IgM antibodies indicates recent infection"

"Used for screening pregnant women in order to prevent transplacental transmission to the fetus and new born to rule out birth defects. Note: This profile screens for exposure to infection with Toxoplasma, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus (CMV) & Herpes Simplex virus (HSV) Positive for IgG antibodies indicates a past infection or immune status Positive for IgM antibodies indicates recent infection"

Scl-70 antibodies are considered to be specific for Scleroderma.

To detect Rickettsial fever (Typhus fever) which produces symptoms of Viral illness, rash and Pulmonary disease caused by Rickettsia typhi

To detect Rickettsial fever (Typhus fever) which produces symptoms of Viral illness, rash and Pulmonary disease caused by Rickettsia typhi

To detect Rickettsial fever (Typhus fever) which produces symptoms of Viral illness, rash and Pulmonary disease caused by Rickettsia typhi

Monitoring Selenium replacement therapy. Note: Selenium deficiency will lead to Cardiomyopathy (heart muscle damage)

"Helps in determining male fertility status. Male infertility can be due to decrease in the number of viable sperms, abnormal sperm morphology and abnormalities of the seminal fluid Notes: A positive fructose is considered normal Azoospermia and fructose negative results may indicate an absence/ obstruction of seminal vesicles"

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding sample type

"Helps in determining male fertility status. Male infertility can be due to decrease in the number of viable sperms, abnormal sperm morphology and abnormalities of the seminal fluid Notes: A positive fructose is considered normal Azoospermia and fructose negative results may indicate an absence/ obstruction of seminal vesicles"

"Screening test for Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection The presence of HCV antibody indicates exposure to HCV Note: HCV antibodies usually appear > 6 months after onset of infection Hepatitis leads to liver disease."

Used to diagnose Carcinoid tumors (tumor in nervous and endocrine systems).

"Total Protein is useful in evaluating patients for nutritional status, liver disease, protein losing renal (kidney) and gastrointestinal diseases. § Albumin is mainly produced in the liver and is decreased in chronic liver disorders. Increased levels of globulin are noted in myeloproliferative disorders and plasma cells dyscrasias (disorder or abnormal state of plasma cells) Notes : This test measures the Total amount of Protein, its subtypes – Albumin & Globulin and Albumin : Globulin Ratio"

Most reliable method to differentiate Peritoneal (abdominal) transudate from exudate. Note: Ascites caused by portal hypertension has gradient greater than 1.1 gms /dl in transudate and less than 1.1 gms /dl in exudate

"Used to measure the Serum Transferrin levels which increases in response to Iron deficiency in chronic diseases and due to other causes, Useful for workup of patients suspected to have congenital Transferrin abnormalities Note: This is an alternate test for TIBC"

"To check infants for an inherited disorder that affects the adrenal gland, called congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). It is often performed on infants who are born with outer genitals that do not clearly look like those of a boy or a girl. Also used to identify people who have non classical adrenal hyperplasia. This test is prescribed for a woman who has excess hair growth in places where adult men grow hair, or if one has male characteristics, such as a deep voice or an increase in muscle mass."

"Increases in levels of 24-hour urinary 17-ketosteroids are associated with • Adrenal tumors; Cushing syndrome; Ovarian cancer; Testicular cancer; Polycystic ovarian syndrome; Congenital adrenal hyperplasia Decreases in levels of 24-hour urinary 17-ketosteroids are associated with the following: • Addison disease; Hypopituitarism; Myxedema; Nephrosis; Castration"

"Useful for diagnosis of Polycystic ovarian syndrome Helps in diagnosing disorders of puberty, Thyrotoxicosis (elevated levels of Thyroid hormones) and Anorexia nervosa (eating disorder)."

To detect the presence of fungal elements.

To detect the presence of fungal elements.

"Helps to determine the bacterial infection in respiratory tract. Further confirmed by Culture techniques."

To detect presence of Eosinophils

used to diagnose Filariasis

Helps to diagnose and manage diseases caused by Nocardia species ( Bacteria)

Useful in evaluating electrolyte imbalance and to differentiate renal and non-renal causes.

"Gives the levels of Sodium, Potassium & Chloride (all collectively called as Electrolytes) Useful in assessing acid base balance (maintenance of the normal pH - the normal equilibrium between acids and alkalis in the body - within the body systems) to differentiate renal (kidney) and non-renal causes."

"Sodium is critical in maintaining water and osmotic equilibrium in extracellular fluids Body sodium generally reflects input and renal excretion"

"Gives the levels of Sodium, Potassium & Chloride (all collectively called as Electrolytes) Useful in assessing acid base balance (maintenance of the normal pH - the normal equilibrium between acids and alkalis in the body - within the body systems) to differentiate renal (kidney) and non-renal causes."

An Allergen specific immunoglobulin E blood test is done to check whether a person is allergic to a particular substance.

An Allergen specific immunoglobulin E blood test is done to check whether a person is allergic to a particular substance.

An Allergen specific immunoglobulin E blood test is done to check whether a person is allergic to a particular substance.

An Allergen specific immunoglobulin E blood test is done to check whether a person is allergic to a particular substance.

An Allergen specific immunoglobulin E blood test is done to check whether a person is allergic to a particular substance.

An Allergen specific immunoglobulin E blood test is done to check whether a person is allergic to a particular substance.

An Allergen specific immunoglobulin E blood test is done to check whether a person is allergic to a particular substance.

An Allergen specific immunoglobulin E blood test is done to check whether a person is allergic to a particular substance.

An Allergen specific immunoglobulin E blood test is done to check whether a person is allergic to a particular substance.

An Allergen specific immunoglobulin E blood test is done to check whether a person is allergic to a particular substance.

An Allergen specific immunoglobulin E blood test is done to check whether a person is allergic to a particular substance.

An Allergen specific immunoglobulin E blood test is done to check whether a person is allergic to a particular substance.

An Allergen specific immunoglobulin E blood test is done to check whether a person is allergic to a particular substance.

An Allergen specific immunoglobulin E blood test is done to check whether a person is allergic to a particular substance.

An Allergen specific immunoglobulin E blood test is done to check whether a person is allergic to a particular substance.

An Allergen specific immunoglobulin E blood test is done to check whether a person is allergic to a particular substance.

An Allergen specific immunoglobulin E blood test is done to check whether a person is allergic to a particular substance.

An Allergen specific immunoglobulin E blood test is done to check whether a person is allergic to a particular substance.

An Allergen specific immunoglobulin E blood test is done to check whether a person is allergic to a particular substance.

An Allergen specific immunoglobulin E blood test is done to check whether a person is allergic to a particular substance.

An Allergen specific immunoglobulin E blood test is done to check whether a person is allergic to a particular substance.

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding sample type

Useful in the diagnosis of patients with Autoimmune diseases (in which the body’s defense system attacks itself) like Sjogren’s syndrome, Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis. Useful for evaluating patients with signs and symptoms of connective tissue disorder in whom ANA is positive

Useful in the diagnosis of patients with Autoimmune diseases (in which the body’s defense system attacks itself) like Sjogren’s syndrome, Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis. Useful for evaluating patients with signs and symptoms of connective tissue disorder in whom ANA is positive

Used to determine the cause and treatment for calculus (kidney & Gall stones)

Helps in identification of the organism Vibrio cholerae which causes cholera

Diagnose the conditions affecting the digestive tract due to parasitic and bacterial infections. Note: This test comprises of Stool routine examination, Occult Blood for adults and includes reducing substances for infants

Diagnose the conditions affecting the digestive tract due to parasitic and bacterial infections

"Examination of Stool analysis reveals the following: Ova, Cysts & Trophozoites, Epithelial cells, Pus cells, Macrophages & Red Blood cells (RBCs) and Others like Bacteria or yeast cells, if any The above parameters help to detect and diagnose the conditions affecting the digestive tract due to any functional abnormalities, parasitic and bacterial infections"

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding sample type

"Examination of Stool analysis reveals the following: Ova, Cysts & Trophozoites, Epithelial cells, Pus cells, Macrophages & Red Blood cells (RBCs) and Others like Bacteria or yeast cells, if any The above parameters help to detect and diagnose the conditions affecting the digestive tract due to any functional abnormalities, parasitic and bacterial infections"

To detect presence of blood in stool indicating bleeding in the digestive tract in conditions like Haemorrhoids, Bowel (Colorectal) cancer. Note : Occult means hidden

This test measures unabsorbed sugars in stool. Helps to diagnose intestinal malabsorption in children

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding site of collection

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding sample type

To Study the effectiveness of sterilization. Monitor the Hospital infection control to prevent Nosocomial (Hospital acquired) infections by Aerobic bacteria.

To Study the effectiveness of sterilization. Monitor the Hospital infection control to prevent Nosocomial (Hospital acquired) infections by Anaerobic bacteria.

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding site of collection

"This test comprises of Cell count , Cell type, Glucose, Protein , Gram’s stain and AFB Stain Helps to diagnose the cause of inflammation and/or fluid accumulation pertaining to the site of collection, to rule out Meningitis, Peritonitis, Pleuritis & Synovitis."

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding site of collection

Useful in monitoring whole blood Tacrolimus (an immunosuppressive drug - to prevent rejection of transplanted organ) concentration during therapy. Helps to evaluate patient to adjust dosage and minimizing toxicity.

Rapid detection of the genetic material of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB bacilli). Helps to diagnose TB and differentiate from other (Non tuberculous mycobacteria) mycobacterial infections.

Quantifies the genetic material of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB bacilli). Used as an aid in the management of Tuberculosis patients and monitor their response to therapy

"This test includes the following test : Total WBC Count (TC): Determines the total white blood cell counts in the body. WBC Differential Count (DC): helps to type the White blood cells found. Includes counts of Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Eosinophils, Monocytes and Basophils. Helps to detect and monitor infections, inflammatory conditions, blood cancer."

"To detect an abnormal testosterone level in male and female Note: In males it is helpful to evaluate Hypogonadism, erectile dysfunction, infertility, and gynecomastia In females to help diagnose the cause of masculine physical features (virilization), infertility or polycystic ovary syndrome."

Confirms drug exposure of Cannabinoids.

Useful for monitoring appropriate therapeutic concentration and assessing compliance or toxicity of Theophylline ·         Useful to measure the level of a (bronchodilator drug) theophylline in blood. Bronchodilators open up the airways to assist breathing

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding site of collection

Used as a part of the investigation to evaluate bleeding disorder or thrombotic episode

"Measures both Total & Free levels of Triiodothyronine (T3) and Thyroxine (T4) along with Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) level. ·         Useful to confirm the accurate status of Thyroid function in conjunction with Free T3 and Free T4 levels Helps to diagnose hypothyroidism / hyperthyroidism Helps to monitor thyroid hormone replacement therapy Elevated levels are associated with Thyrotoxicosis (excess of thyroid hormone in blood)."

"A tumor marker for thyroid malignancy. To monitor the treatment of Thyroid cancer and to detect recurrence. Also acts as an aid in determining the presence of thyroid metastasis (spreading) to lymph nodes."

Helps to screen thyroid disorders and to diagnose hypothyroidism / hyperthyroidism. Helps to monitor thyroid hormone replacement therapy

Helps to screen thyroid disorders and to diagnose hypothyroidism / hyperthyroidism. Helps to monitor thyroid hormone replacement therapy.

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding sample type

"This assay is useful in evaluating patients with Celiac disease. The test monitors adherence to gluten free diet It is also used as a screening test for Dermatitis herpetiformis (severe, itchy, blistering skin manifestation)"

"Used for screening pregnant women in order to prevent transplacental transmission to the fetus and new born to rule out birth defects. Note: This profile screens for exposure to infection with Toxoplasma, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus (CMV) & Herpes Simplex virus (HSV) Positive for IgG antibodies indicates a past infection or immune status Positive for IgM antibodies indicates recent infection."

"Used for screening pregnant women in order to prevent transplacental transmission to the fetus and new born to rule out birth defects. Note: This profile screens for exposure to infection with Toxoplasma, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus (CMV) & Herpes Simplex virus (HSV) Positive for IgG antibodies indicates a past infection or immune status Positive for IgM antibodies indicates recent infection."

"Used for screening pregnant women in order to prevent transplacental transmission to the fetus and new born to rule out birth defects. Note: This profile screens for exposure to infection with Toxoplasma, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus (CMV) & Herpes Simplex virus (HSV) Positive for IgG antibodies indicates a past infection or immune status Positive for IgM antibodies indicates recent infection."

Used to measure the iron content in blood. To diagnose Iron deficiency resulting in Anemia

Used for Prostate cancer screening in Men. Helps to monitor the effectiveness of treatment for prostate cancer

This test includes the following test: Determines the total white blood cell counts in the body. Helps to detect and monitor infections, inflammatory conditions, blood cancer.

Useful for indicating infection with Toxoplasma gondii (Toxoplasmosis). Transmission from a pregnant woman to the fetus can cause serious disease and hence a routine antibody screening for IgG and IgM antibodies in all pregnant women (ideally during the first trimester) is advised.

Useful for indicating infection with Toxoplasma gondii (Toxoplasmosis). Transmission from a pregnant woman to the fetus can cause serious disease and hence a routine antibody screening for IgG and IgM antibodies in all pregnant women (ideally during the first trimester) is advised.

Useful for indicating infection with Toxoplasma gondii (Toxoplasmosis). Transmission from a pregnant woman to the fetus can cause serious disease and hence a routine antibody screening for IgG and IgM antibodies in all pregnant women (ideally during the first trimester) is advised.

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding sample type

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding sample type

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding sample type

To diagnose Iron deficiency resulting in Anemia . Note- Includes Serum Iron, TIBC (Total iron binding capacity) & Transferrin saturation

Confirmatory test for Syphilis (Sexually transmitted disease)

"Elevated levels of Triglycerides and cholesterol are considered a risk factor for atherosclerotic disease (hardening of the arteries - is the leading cause of heart attacks, stroke) High levels are indicative of metabolic abnormality Note: High levels may be seen in Biliary obstruction, Diabetes, Nephrotic syndrome, Renal failure, Metabolic Endocrinopathies and may be medication induced."

Useful for differentiation of chylous effusion, High levels are associated with Pancreatitis and increased risk of cardiovascular disease

Useful to determine Thyroid hormone status

Maternal serum Triple (B-HCG, AFP and E3) marker assessment is used for second Trimester Prenatal Screening for Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21 & 18) and other chromosomal anomalies.

Important test for diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction (Heart attack)

"Important test for diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction (Heart attack). Detect and evaluate mild to severe heart injury To distinguish Cardiac chest pain from other causes"

Important test for diagnosis of acute Myocardial Infarction (Heart attack)

Useful in the diagnosis and management of Graves’ disease caused by autoantibodies to TSH receptor

"Used for early (within a week) diagnosis of typhoid fever (caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhi). Typhidot IgM serves as a marker for recent infection Typhidot IgG indicates the exposure Note: Results are to be correlated clinically. Conventional Widal test detects antibodies to S.Typhi from 2nd week of onset of symptoms."

"Used for early (within a week) diagnosis of typhoid fever (caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhi).Typhidot IgM serves as a marker for recent infection Typhidot IgG indicates the exposure Note: Results are to be correlated clinically. Conventional Widal test detects antibodies to S.Typhi from 2nd week of onset of symptoms."

"Used for early (within a week) diagnosis of typhoid fever (caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhi). Typhidot IgM serves as a marker for recent infection Typhidot IgG indicates the exposure Note: Results are to be correlated clinically. Conventional Widal test detects antibodies to S.Typhi from 2nd week of onset of symptoms."

To evaluate kidney function. Note: Urea is an end product of protein metabolism

To measure the concentration of Urea in body fluid

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding site of collection

"Used to diagnose and monitor Gout (painful inflammation of joints), kidney stones and some form of Arthritis. Note: Uric acid is an end product of protein metabolism"

"Helps to evaluate the kidney function. Useful in assessment and management of patients with kidney stones (Uric acid stones) and to monitor those with gout who have risk of developing such stones. Urinary levels in increase in Leukemia or polycythemia and high diet of nucleoprotein."

Determination of Bile salts and Bile pigments is useful in diagnosing Jaundice (obstructive jaundice) and in evaluation of liver diseases

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding sample type

Confirm usage of the following drugs. Amphetamine, Barbiturates, Benzodiazepines, Cannabinoids, Cocaine & Opiates

Confirm usage of the following drugs. Amphetamine, Barbiturates, Benzodiazepines, Cannabinoids, Cocaine, Methadone, Methamphetamine, Opiates & Phencyclidine

To detect the presence of fungal elements the given sample

"Examination of urine sediment may reveal the presence of Different types of cells such as epithelial cells, leukocytes, RBCs. Different types of casts and crystals along with yeast or bacteria if any Used for screening wide range of Medical conditions - e.g. urinary tract infections, Renal stones"

Helps to find dysmorphic RBCs in patients with Haematuria (blood in urine) and to diagnose the source of bleeding (urinary tract).

Screening test for Pregnancy

Useful to detect any reducing substances in urine which may be present as a result of an inherited metabolic disorder

"Screening for wide range of Medical conditions such as urinary tract infections and diabetes. Notes : A complete urine analysis consists of three distinct testing phases: PHYSICIAL EXAMINATION: Describes colour and appearance of urine CHEMICAL EXAMINATION : Includes the following parameters pH : To detect abnormal pH which alters the acid base balance Specific gravity: Reliable assessment of the patient's hydration status. Also reflects the concentrating ability of the kidney Protein (Albumin) – Helps to evaluate and monitor kidney function, and to detect early sign of kidney disease Glucose – Detects sugar in urine. May be seen with diabetes mellitus, renal tubular acidosis (RTA) & gestational diabetes Ketones –Presence of ketones may occur with diabetes mellitus, starvation or other causes that cause low blood sugar Leucocytes : The presence of leukocytes in urine is referred to as pyuria (pus in the urine) indicates urinary tract infection Blood – Detects Haemoglobin in urine. Indicates blood in urine (Hematuria). Bilirubin – Presence of Bilirubin suggests liver disorders & obstruction of bile duct Nitrite – Detects urinary tract infection Urobilinogen – Elevated urobilinogen levels are seen in hemolytic disorders. Bile duct obstruction can decrease urobilinogen levels MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION : Examination of urine sediment may reveal the presence of Different types of cells such as epithelial cells, leukocytes, RBCs. Different types of casts and crystals along with yeast or bacteria if any"

"Useful to diagnose and monitor high blood glucose (hyperglycemia) or low blood glucose (hypoglycemia), diabetes, and pre-diabetes. Useful in the management of Diabetes mellitus."

Useful to detect urine Glucose levels

Useful to detect urine Glucose levels

Useful to detect urine Glucose levels

Useful to detect urine Glucose levels

Useful to detect urine Glucose levels

Useful for screening Urine glucose.

Useful for screening Urine glucose.

Useful for screening Urine glucose.

"Used for screening wide range of Medical conditions - e.g. urinary tract infections, Diabetes, Renal stones. Notes : Routine urine analysis consists of three distinct testing phases: PHYSICIAL EXAMINATION: Describes colour and appearance of urine CHEMICAL EXAMINATION : Includes the following parameters Protein (Albumin) – Helps to evaluate and monitor kidney function, and to detect early sign of kidney disease Glucose – Detects sugar in urine. May be seen with diabetes mellitus, renal tubular acidosis (RTA) & gestational diabetes MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION : Examination of urine sediment may reveal the presence of Different types of cells such as epithelial cells, leukocytes, RBCs. Different types of casts and crystals along with yeast or bacteria if any"

To detect any bacterial, parasitic (Trichomonas vaginalis) or fungal (Candida) elements and to rule out the vaginal infection

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding site of collection

Used for monitoring the level of Valproic Acid in individuals under treatment for convulsions ( fits)

"Useful for screening children for Catecholamines secreting tumors. Supports in the diagnosis of Neuroblastoma (childhood cancer of the CNS) and for monitoring therapy Also used to screen pheochromocytoma(Abdominal or adrenal gland tumor)"

"Useful for screening children for Catecholamines secreting tumors. Supports in the diagnosis of Neuroblastoma (childhood cancer of the CNS) and for monitoring therapy Also used to screen pheochromocytoma(Abdominal or adrenal gland tumor)"

"Used to assess the immunological (antibody) response to Varicella (Chicken pox) infection. •                     Detection of IgM antibodies indicating a recent / acute phase infection with the virus Detection of IgG antibodies indicates an exposure"

"Used to assess the immunological (antibody) response to Varicella (Chicken pox) infection. •                     Detection of IgM antibodies indicating a recent / acute phase infection with the virus Detection of IgG antibodies indicates an exposure"

"Used to assess the immunological (antibody) response to Varicella (Chicken pox) infection. •                     Detection of IgM antibodies indicating a recent / acute phase infection with the virus Detection of IgG antibodies indicates an exposure"

Used as a screening test for Syphilis and for monitoring response to therapy

For the diagnosis of Neurosyphilis and monitoring the response to therapy

"To evaluate lung function and acid-base imbalance in blood which may indicate a respiratory, metabolic or kidney disorder. To evaluate the effectiveness of oxygen therapy."

"Used for diagnosing Vitamin A deficiency & toxicity and for monitoring therapy Evaluates persons with intestinal malabsorption of liquids Note: Vitamin A deficiency leads to blindness"

"Used for identifying deficiency of B1 which can be due to alcoholism and chronic illness Long standing deficiency leads to a condition called Beriberi."

"Helps to diagnose one cause of Anemia or neuropathy (nerve tissue damage) Note : Decreased levels are seen in Macrocytic / Megaloblastic Anemia and Transcobalamin deficiency."

"Useful for evaluating persons who present with signs of Ariboflavinosis (caused by deficiency of riboflavin) Note: Ariboflavinosis results from dietary deficiency of riboflavin characterized by sore throat, Inflammation of lips (cheilosis), tongue (glossitis), mouth (stomatitis) & many other symptoms."

"Determines B 6 status especially in individuals with progressive nerve compression disorders Also used to evaluate low phosphates (hypophosphatasia – metabolic bone disease)."

Useful in the diagnosis of Vitamin C deficiency (Scurvy) and to deter excessive intake

"Evaluation for hypercalcemia and renal failure. Note: 1,25-Dihydroxy vitamin D plays a primary role in the maintenance of Calcium homeostasis As a second-order test in the assessment of vitamin D status, especially in patients with renal disease."

"For evaluating individuals with motor and sensory neuropathy (nerve tissue damage). Useful for monitoring vitamin E status of premature infants and persons with malabsorption."

"Useful for the diagnosis of von WILLEBRAND disease (inherited bleeding disorder) and its sub typing and differentiates it from Haemophilia A Monitors effectiveness of therapy."

"Identifies the Coliforms (bacteria) if present in the water and helps to rule out water contamination with sewerage To monitor the Hospital infection control to prevent Nosocomial (Hospital acquired) infections by Coliform bacteria due to water contamination."

"Helps to type and estimate the White blood cells which includes Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Eosinophils, Monocytes and Basophils. Helps to detect and monitor infections, inflammatory conditions, blood cancer."

"Useful to detect infection due to Rickettsial organisms Note: Rickettsiae are fastidious bacterial organisms that are maintained in nature through a cycle involving reservoirs in mammals and insect vectors A 4-fold rise in titre is diagnostic of infection."

"A confirmatory test for HIV Indeterminate results may be seen with early HIV infections, autoimmune diseases, pregnancy and recent Tetanus injection."

To detect the presence of fungal elements.

To detect the presence of fungal elements.

"Used to diagnose Typhoid and Paratyphoid fevers Note: A 4-fold rise in titre is diagnostic of infection."

"Used to diagnose Typhoid and Paratyphoid fevers
Note: A 4-fold rise in titre is diagnostic of infection."

To detect any aerobic bacterial infection from corresponding site of collection

"Test helps to evaluate the concentration of zinc in urine Helps to identify the cause of abnormal serum zinc
Note: Zinc is required in the body for active wound healing."

Detects zinc deficiency that occurs due to lack of nutritional absorption or loss
Note: Zinc is required in the body for effective wound healing.